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| MOPC103 |
Short Circuit Tests: First Step of LHC Hardware Commissioning Completion
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304 |
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- B. Bellesia, E. Barbero-Soto, F. Bordry, M. P. Casas Lino, G.-J. Coelingh, G. Cumer, K. Dahlerup-Petersen, J.-C. Guillaume, J. Inigo-Golfin, V. Montabonnet, D. Nisbet, M. Pojer, R. Principe, F. Rodriguez-Mateos, R. I. Saban, R. Schmidt, H. Thiesen, A. Vergara-Fernández, M. Zerlauth
CERN, Geneva
- A. Castaneda, I. Romera Ramirez
CIEMAT, Madrid
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The Large Hadron Collider operation relies on 1232 superconducting dipoles with a field of 8.33T and 400 superconducting quadrupoles with a strength of 220 T/m powered at 12kA, operating in superfluid He at 1.9K. For dipoles and quadrupoles as well as for many other magnets more than 1700 power converters are necessary to feed the superconducting circuits. Between October 2005 and September 2007 the so-called short circuit tests were carried-out in the 15 underground areas where the power converters of the superconducting circuits are located. The tests were aimed at the qualification of the normal conducting components of the circuits: the power converters, the normal conducting DC cables between the power converters and the LHC cryostat, the interlocks and energy extraction systems. In addition, the correct functioning of the infrastructure systems (AC distribution, water and air cooling, control system) were validated. The final validation test for each underground area was the powering of all converters at ultimate current during 24h. This approach highlighted a few problems that were solved long before the beginning of magnet commissioning and beam operation.
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| TUPC134 |
Results from Commissioning of the Energy Extraction Facilities of the LHC Machine
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1383 |
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- K. H. Mess, G.-J. Coelingh, K. Dahlerup-Petersen
CERN, Geneva
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The risk of damage to the superconducting magnets, busbars and current leads of the LHC machine in case of a resistive transition (quench) is being minimized by adequate protection. The protection is based on early quench detection, bypassing the quenching magnets by cold diodes, energy density dilution in the quenching magnets using heaters and, eventually, energy extraction. For two hundred and twenty-six LHC circuits (600 A and 13 kA) extraction of the stored magnetic energy to external dump resistors was required. All these systems are now installed in the machine and the final hardware commissioning has been undertaken. After a short description of the topology and definitive features, layouts and parameters of these systems the paper will focus on the results from their successful commissioning and an analysis of the system performance.
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| WEPD029 |
Performance of the Main Dipole Magnet Circuits of the LHC during Commissioning
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2473 |
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- A. P. Verweij, V. Baggiolini, A. Ballarino, B. Bellesia, F. Bordry, A. Cantone, M. P. Casas Lino, A. Castaneda, C. CastilloTrello, N. Catalan-Lasheras, Z. Charifoulline, G.-J. Coelingh, G. D'Angelo, K. Dahlerup-Petersen, G. De Rijk, R. Denz, M. Gruwe, V. Kain, B. Khomenko, G. Kirby, S. L.N. Le Naour, A. Macpherson, A. Marqueta Barbero, K. H. Mess, M. Modena, R. Mompo, V. Montabonnet, D. Nisbet, V. Parma, M. Pojer, L. Ponce, A. Raimondo, S. Redaelli, H. Reymond, D. Richter, A. Rijllart, I. Romera, R. I. Saban, S. Sanfilippo, R. Schmidt, A. P. Siemko, M. Solfaroli Camillocci, H. Thiesen, Y. Thurel, W. Venturini Delsolaro, A. Vergara-Fernández, R. Wolf, M. Zerlauth
CERN, Geneva
- SF. Feher, R. H. Flora
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
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During hardware commissioning of the Large Hadron Collider, 8 main dipole circuits and 16 main quadrupole circuits are tested at 1.9 K and up to their nominal current. Each dipole circuit contains 154 magnets of 15 m length, and has a total stored energy of up to 1.1 GJ. Each quadrupole circuit contains 47 or 51 magnets of 5.4 m length, and has a total stored energy of up to 20 MJ. All magnets are wound from Nb-Ti superconducting Rutherford cables, and contain heaters to quickly force the transition to the normal conducting state in case of a quench, and hence reduce the hot spot temperature. In this paper the performance of these circuits is presented, focusing on the quench current and quench behaviour of the magnets. Quench detection, heater performance, operation of the cold bypass diodes, cryogenic recovery time, electrical joints, and possible magnet-to-magnet quench propagation will be dealt with. The results as measured on the entire circuits will be compared to the test results obtained during the reception tests of the individual magnets.
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