| Paper |
Title |
Page |
| WEPLS138 |
Operation Status and Statistics of the KEK Electron/Positron Linac
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2700 |
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- Y. Ogawa, A. Enomoto, K. Furukawa, T. Kamitani, M. Satoh, T. Sugimura, T. Suwada, Y. Yano, K. Yokoyama, M. Yoshida
KEK, Ibaraki
- Y. Imai, T. Kudou, S. Kusano, K. Suzuki, T. Toufuku
MELCO SC, Tsukuba
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The KEK electron/positron linac has been operated since 1982, surpassing the total operation time of more than 100,000 hours. It delivers four different beams to four different rings quite stably, even frequently switching beam modes. The operation time per year has reached 7,000 hours since 1999 when the KEKB entered a normal operation mode. Operation status and statistics will be reported with the emphasis on continuing efforts in various kinds of machine improvements, which have ensured the stable operation.
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| WEPLS139 |
Operational Status of Klystron-modulator System for PAL 2.5-GeV Electron Linac
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2703 |
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- S.S. Park, J. Choi, J.Y. Huang, S.H. Kim, S.-C. Kim
PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk
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The klystron-modulator(K&M) system of the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL) generates high power microwaves for the acceleration of 2.5 GeV electron beams. There are 12 modules of K&M system to accelerate electron beams up to 2.5 GeV nominal beam energy. One module of the K&M system consists of the 200 MW modulator and an 80 MW S-band (2856 MHZ) klystron tube. The total accumulated high-voltage run-time of the oldest unit among the 12 K&M systems has reached nearly 88,000 hours as of December 2005. The overall system availability is well over 95%. In this paper, we review the overall system performance of the high-power K&M system and the operational status of the klystrons and thyratron lifetimes, and the overall system's availability will be analyzed for the period of 1994 to December 2005.
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| WEPLS140 |
Update and Summary of the Dependability Assessment of the LHC Beam Dumping System
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2706 |
| |
- R. Filippini, J.A. Uythoven
CERN, Geneva
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The LHC Beam Dumping System (LBDS) must be able to remove the high intensity beams from the LHC accelerator on demand, at any moment during the operation. As the consequences of a major failure can be very severe, stringent safety requirements were imposed on the design. The final results of an in-depth dependability analysis on the LBDS are summarised, for one year of operation and different operational scenarios. The trade-off between safety and availability is discussed, along with the benefit from built-in features like redundancy, on-line surveillance and post-mortem diagnostics.
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| WEPLS141 |
Operational Experience with the LHC Waveguide Mode Reflectometer
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2709 |
| |
- T. Kroyer, P. Borowiec, F. Caspers, Z. Sulek, L.R. Williams
CERN, Geneva
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The LHC microwave mode reflectometer (assembly version) reached operational status by the end of 2005. It is now routinely used in the LHC tunnel to take data on the beam-screen of the individual LHC magnets and also groups of magnets with lengths up to 200 meter. The reflectometer operates in the frequency range from about 4GHz to 8 GHz and employs mode selective launchers. Data traces of typically 16000 data points are taken in the frequency domain with subsequent Fourier transformation into the time domain and numerical waveguide mode dispersion compensation. This paper discusses the operational aspects of the system as well as methods for clutter (fake reflection) elimination and procedures for cross-checks in case of a suspected obstacle or other fault.
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| WEPLS142 |
The Importance of Layout and Configuration Data for Flexibility during Commissioning and Operation of the LHC Machine Protection Systems
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2712 |
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- J. Mariethoz, F.B. Bernard, R.H. Harrison, P. Le Roux, M.P. Peryt, M. Zerlauth
CERN, Geneva
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Due to the large stored energies in both magnets and particle beams, the LHC requires a large inventory of machine protection systems, as e.g. powering interlock systems, based on a series of distributed industrial controllers for the protection of the more than 10,000 normal and superconducting magnets. Such systems are required to be at the same time fast, reliable and secure but also flexible and configurable to allow for automated commissioning, remote monitoring and optimization during later operation. Based on the generic hardware architecture of the LHC machine protection systems presented at EPAC 2002 and ICALEPS 2003, the use of configuration data for protection systems in view of the required reliability and safety is discussed. To achieve the very high level of reliability, it is required to use a coherent description of the layout of the accelerator components and of the associated machine protection architecture and their logical interconnections. Mechanisms to guarantee coherency of data and repositories and secure configuration of safety critical systems are presented. This paper focuses on the first system being commissioned, the complex magnet powering system.
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| WEPLS143 |
SLS Operation Management: Methods and Tools
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2715 |
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Users of 3rd generation synchrotron light sources desire not only a high flux on their samples and sub-micron beam stability, they expect at the same time a beam availability close to 100 percent. To reach and maintain a very high availability put special demands on the operation management of a light source. We will illustrate the procedures used at the Swiss Light Source (SLS) to deal with beam interruptions and explain the tools used for operation management.
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| WEPLS144 |
ES&H Issues for Design and Operation of Linear Colliders
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0 |
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- J.E. Spencer
SLAC, Menlo Park, California
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We consider optimization of the generalized luminosity per unit cost of a linear collider in the current ES&H era. Several specific examples, running over the length of the LC, beginning at the source and ending at the dump suggest that both costs (capital and operating) and the environmental issues can be improved in a mutually compatible way. Thus, a RoHS by any other name such as WEES or OSHA need not present thorny problems requiring unexpected technology R&D but rather a push to leverage the many recent advances that might otherwise be avoided. While not mainstream, the physics is challenging and the true amortized cost may be seriously underestimated by ignoring such issues. As example, the entire, interior surface of a laser driven RF gun involves interesting materials science where the space requires continuous UHV to sustain stable and acceptable quantum efficiency as well as avoid RF breakdown damage in an environment that is also subject to radiation damage that can reduce output from window damage. Rad hard systems can be like bug-proof software. They don't have to be overly slow, large or heavy and provide opportunities to innovate and justify the cost of such systems.
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