Cyclotrons2016 - List of Authors (Zhang, T.J.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOP05	An Air Ionization Chamber Simulation using Monte Carlo Method	57
	S.G. Hou, Shizhong. An, Z.W. Liu, G.F. Song, F. Wang, L.P. Wen, T.J. Zhang CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	The CYCIAE-100 cyclotron has been built at CIAE, designed to achieve 200 μA protons at 100 MeV and deliver them to several experimental targets. To achieve this goal and protect the machine from excessive radiation activation, an uncontrolled loss criteria of 1uA has been specified. Previous calculation for radiation shielding showed that high neutron and gamma were produced under this condition. To measure the high energy gamma ray(about 2 MeV ) at machine running and void damage by the prompt radiation, an air ionization chamber was designed to fulfill this goal. A Geant4 program was developed to simulate the energy response of detectors, the EM filed data was also taken into consideration in the programl. The simulation results indicate that the energy response linearity satisfies the requirement of the project specification.
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MOP06	Physical Design of the Extraction Trim-Rods in a 230 MeV Superconducting Cyclotron	61
	D.S. Zhang, M. Li, C. Wang, J.J. Yang, T.J. Zhang CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Two electrostatic deflectors are used for beam extraction of the 230 MeV superconducting cyclotron CYCIAE-230, which is under development at CIAE. Resonance crossing and processional motion are introduced by a first harmonic bump of main field during the beam dynamics design to increase the turn separation and accordingly the extraction efficiency. Four trim-rods of variable depth are employed to generate the desirable field bump for their stability, the amplitude and azimuth of first harmonic bump can be adjusted with different size and depth of trim-rods. However, effect on isochronous field in acceleration region is followed by trim-rods in practice, therefore the base depth of trim-rods need to be designed and re-shimming procedure of main magnet model need to be implemented interactively. The effect of trim-rods and isochronous field production by a new model will be presented in this paper.
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MOP10	Numerical Orbit Tracking in 3D Through the Injector Cyclotron for Heavy Ions at iThemba LABS	71
	J.G. De Villiers, J.I. Broodryk, J.L. Conradie, F. Nemulodi, R.W. Thomae iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa J.J. Yang, T.J. Zhang CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Funding: Jointly supported by the National Research Foundation of South Africa (No. 92793) and National Science Foundation of China (No. 11461141003). The RF and magnetic fields of the injector cyclotron (SPC2) were modelled in 3D with finite element methods, using OPERA-3d, in an effort to determine the cause of the relative poor beam transmission through the machine in the 8-turn mode. Simulation of the particle motion in SPC2 was done using machine operational parameters for acceleration of 20Ne³⁺. The isochronous magnetic field is calculated from a complete cyclotron magnet model and the electrostatic field distribution from a dee electrode model, using TOSCA. The modelling of the high frequency resonance conditions of the resonators with SOPRANO-EV provided the relative variation of the electric field profiles in the acceleration gaps. A command line program was developed to combine the information of the three models and implement time-dependent control of the electrostatic fields during the particle tracking. In addition, based on calculated data from OPERA-3D, the parallel particle-in-cell code OPAL-CYCL was used to calculate a particle orbit for comparison with OPERA-3d. The models, methods and calculated results will be presented.
	Poster MOP10 [2.178 MB]
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MOP11	Injection Line Studies for the SPC2 Cyclotron at iThemba LABS	75
	F. Nemulodi, J.I. Broodryk, J.L. Conradie, J.G. De Villiers, W. Duckitt, D.T. Fourie, J. Mira, R.W. Thomae, M.J. Van Niekerk iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa J.J. Yang, T.J. Zhang CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	The transmission efficiency of some ion beams through the second solid-pole injector cyclotron (SPC2) at iThemba LABS requires improvement. In order to understand the beam optics in the injection line, and match the beam to the acceptance of the cyclotron, the beam envelope behaviour from the beginning of injection-line to the inside of the SPC2 cyclotron was investigated with different simulation programs. The transverse effects were taken into account by the beam transport codes TRANSOPTR and TRANSPORT, while the multi particle simulation code OPAL was used to include space-charge effects. Simulations of the effect of an additional buncher, operating at the second harmonic, on the transmission of the beam of charged particles through the cyclotron were made.
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TUC01	100 MeV H⁻ Cyclotron Development and 800 MeV Proton Cyclotron Proposal	149
	T.J. Zhang, J.J. Yang CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Since the last cyclotron conference in Vancouver, significant milestones have been achieved on the BRIF (Beijing Radioactive-Ion Beam Facility) project. On July 4, 2014 the first 100MeV proton beam was extracted from the H⁻ compact cyclotron. The cyclotron passed beam stability test with beam current of 25 μA for about 9 hours operation. In the year of 2015, the first radioactive ion beam of K-38 was produced by the ISOL system, and the beam current on the internal target of the 100 MeV cyclotron was increased to 720 μA. In the year of 2016, the cyclotron was scheduled to provide 1000 hours beam time for proton irradiation experiment, single-particle effects study and proof-of-principle trial on the proton radiography technology. It is also planed to build a specific beam line for proton therapy demonstration on the 100 MeV machine. In this talk, I will also introduce our new proposal of an 800 MeV, room temperature separate-sector proton cyclotron, which is proposed to provide 3~4 MW proton beam for versatile applications, such as neutron and neutrino physics, proton radiography and nuclear waste treatment.
	Slides TUC01 [19.352 MB]
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TUP14	The Assembly and Adjustment of the Second Stripping Probe System for CYCIAE-100	199
	Shizhong. An, L.C. Cao, X.L. Fu, Z.G. Li, G.S. Liu, Y.L. Lv, G.F. Pan, Y. Wang, L.P. Wen, J.S. Xing, T.J. Zhang, Y.W. Zhang CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	A 100 MeV H⁻ compact cyclotron is under construction at China Institute of Atomic Energy (CYCIAE-100). The proton beams ranging from 75 MeV - 100 MeV with 200 μA beam intensity will be extracted in dual opposite direction by charge exchange stripping devices. The stripping probe system is the key part of extraction system for CYCIAE-100. The first stripping extraction system was installed in 2014 and it has satisfied all kinds of requirements for the proton beam extraction. The first 100 MeV proton beam was got on July 4, 2014 and the beam current was stably maintained at above 25 μA for about 9 hours on July 25, 2014. The first RIB with ISOL system driven by 100 MeV proton beam was generated in 2015. The second stripping system was installed in 2015 after the assembly and adjustment. The beam commissioning based on the second stripping system will be finished and the extracted proton beam parameters will be measured in detail in this year.
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TUP15	Control System Dedicated for Beam Line of Proton Radiography on 100 MeV Cyclotron CYCIAE-100	202
	Y.W. Zhang, H.R. Cai, L.C. Cao, T. Ge, S.M. Wei, J.J. Yang, Z.G. Yin, T.J. Zhang CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	After the first beam on July 4 2014, CYCIAE-100's performance have been improved gradually and is ready for routine operation. There are 7 beam lines in total in the design stage, i.e. N1:ISOL, N2:isotope production, N3:beam dump, S1: single energy neutron, S2:white light neutron source, S3: radiobiological effect, S4:single event effect. The beam lines N2 and N3 were combined into one line during the construction. In the last two years, we propose to build to two new lines, one for principle verification of Proton Radiography, the other one for demonstration of proton therapy. Both of them are quite special. In this paper, a control system for the operation of the beam line of proton radiography, including the magnets, vacuum and water cooling, the beam intensity & profile diagnostics, and the imaging etc, will be presented.
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FRB03	Proton Radiography Experiment Based on a 100 MeV Proton Cyclotron	401
	J.J. Yang, H.R. Cai, L.C. Cao, T. Ge, Z.G. Li, Y.L. Lv, F. Wang, S.M. Wei, L.P. Wen, S.P. Zhang, T.J. Zhang, Y.W. Zhang, X. Zhen CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	A proof-of-principle test-stand for proton radiography is under construction at China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE). This test-stand will utilize the 100 MeV proton beam provided by the compact cyclotron CYCIAE-100, which has been built in the year of 2014, to radiograph thin static objects. The assembling of the test-stand components is finished by now. We will carry out the first proton radiography experiment in this July and hopefully we can get the first image before the opening of this conference. In this paper, the designing, constructing and commissioning of the proton radiography system will be described and the experiment result will be presented and discussed.
	Slides FRB03 [2.764 MB]
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Paper

Title

Page

An Air Ionization Chamber Simulation using Monte Carlo Method

57

S.G. Hou, Shizhong. An, Z.W. Liu, G.F. Song, F. Wang, L.P. Wen, T.J. Zhang
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

The CYCIAE-100 cyclotron has been built at CIAE, designed to achieve 200 μA protons at 100 MeV and deliver them to several experimental targets. To achieve this goal and protect the machine from excessive radiation activation, an uncontrolled loss criteria of 1uA has been specified. Previous calculation for radiation shielding showed that high neutron and gamma were produced under this condition. To measure the high energy gamma ray(about 2 MeV ) at machine running and void damage by the prompt radiation, an air ionization chamber was designed to fulfill this goal. A Geant4 program was developed to simulate the energy response of detectors, the EM filed data was also taken into consideration in the programl. The simulation results indicate that the energy response linearity satisfies the requirement of the project specification.

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MOP06

Physical Design of the Extraction Trim-Rods in a 230 MeV Superconducting Cyclotron

61

D.S. Zhang, M. Li, C. Wang, J.J. Yang, T.J. Zhang
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Two electrostatic deflectors are used for beam extraction of the 230 MeV superconducting cyclotron CYCIAE-230, which is under development at CIAE. Resonance crossing and processional motion are introduced by a first harmonic bump of main field during the beam dynamics design to increase the turn separation and accordingly the extraction efficiency. Four trim-rods of variable depth are employed to generate the desirable field bump for their stability, the amplitude and azimuth of first harmonic bump can be adjusted with different size and depth of trim-rods. However, effect on isochronous field in acceleration region is followed by trim-rods in practice, therefore the base depth of trim-rods need to be designed and re-shimming procedure of main magnet model need to be implemented interactively. The effect of trim-rods and isochronous field production by a new model will be presented in this paper.

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MOP10

Numerical Orbit Tracking in 3D Through the Injector Cyclotron for Heavy Ions at iThemba LABS

71

J.G. De Villiers, J.I. Broodryk, J.L. Conradie, F. Nemulodi, R.W. Thomae
iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa
J.J. Yang, T.J. Zhang
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Funding: Jointly supported by the National Research Foundation of South Africa (No. 92793) and National Science Foundation of China (No. 11461141003).
The RF and magnetic fields of the injector cyclotron (SPC2) were modelled in 3D with finite element methods, using OPERA-3d, in an effort to determine the cause of the relative poor beam transmission through the machine in the 8-turn mode. Simulation of the particle motion in SPC2 was done using machine operational parameters for acceleration of 20Ne³⁺. The isochronous magnetic field is calculated from a complete cyclotron magnet model and the electrostatic field distribution from a dee electrode model, using TOSCA. The modelling of the high frequency resonance conditions of the resonators with SOPRANO-EV provided the relative variation of the electric field profiles in the acceleration gaps. A command line program was developed to combine the information of the three models and implement time-dependent control of the electrostatic fields during the particle tracking. In addition, based on calculated data from OPERA-3D, the parallel particle-in-cell code OPAL-CYCL was used to calculate a particle orbit for comparison with OPERA-3d. The models, methods and calculated results will be presented.

Poster MOP10 [2.178 MB]

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MOP11

Injection Line Studies for the SPC2 Cyclotron at iThemba LABS

75

F. Nemulodi, J.I. Broodryk, J.L. Conradie, J.G. De Villiers, W. Duckitt, D.T. Fourie, J. Mira, R.W. Thomae, M.J. Van Niekerk
iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa
J.J. Yang, T.J. Zhang
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

The transmission efficiency of some ion beams through the second solid-pole injector cyclotron (SPC2) at iThemba LABS requires improvement. In order to understand the beam optics in the injection line, and match the beam to the acceptance of the cyclotron, the beam envelope behaviour from the beginning of injection-line to the inside of the SPC2 cyclotron was investigated with different simulation programs. The transverse effects were taken into account by the beam transport codes TRANSOPTR and TRANSPORT, while the multi particle simulation code OPAL was used to include space-charge effects. Simulations of the effect of an additional buncher, operating at the second harmonic, on the transmission of the beam of charged particles through the cyclotron were made.

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TUC01

100 MeV H⁻ Cyclotron Development and 800 MeV Proton Cyclotron Proposal

149

T.J. Zhang, J.J. Yang
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Since the last cyclotron conference in Vancouver, significant milestones have been achieved on the BRIF (Beijing Radioactive-Ion Beam Facility) project. On July 4, 2014 the first 100MeV proton beam was extracted from the H⁻ compact cyclotron. The cyclotron passed beam stability test with beam current of 25 μA for about 9 hours operation. In the year of 2015, the first radioactive ion beam of K-38 was produced by the ISOL system, and the beam current on the internal target of the 100 MeV cyclotron was increased to 720 μA. In the year of 2016, the cyclotron was scheduled to provide 1000 hours beam time for proton irradiation experiment, single-particle effects study and proof-of-principle trial on the proton radiography technology. It is also planed to build a specific beam line for proton therapy demonstration on the 100 MeV machine. In this talk, I will also introduce our new proposal of an 800 MeV, room temperature separate-sector proton cyclotron, which is proposed to provide 3~4 MW proton beam for versatile applications, such as neutron and neutrino physics, proton radiography and nuclear waste treatment.

Slides TUC01 [19.352 MB]

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TUP14

The Assembly and Adjustment of the Second Stripping Probe System for CYCIAE-100

199

Shizhong. An, L.C. Cao, X.L. Fu, Z.G. Li, G.S. Liu, Y.L. Lv, G.F. Pan, Y. Wang, L.P. Wen, J.S. Xing, T.J. Zhang, Y.W. Zhang
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

A 100 MeV H⁻ compact cyclotron is under construction at China Institute of Atomic Energy (CYCIAE-100). The proton beams ranging from 75 MeV - 100 MeV with 200 μA beam intensity will be extracted in dual opposite direction by charge exchange stripping devices. The stripping probe system is the key part of extraction system for CYCIAE-100. The first stripping extraction system was installed in 2014 and it has satisfied all kinds of requirements for the proton beam extraction. The first 100 MeV proton beam was got on July 4, 2014 and the beam current was stably maintained at above 25 μA for about 9 hours on July 25, 2014. The first RIB with ISOL system driven by 100 MeV proton beam was generated in 2015. The second stripping system was installed in 2015 after the assembly and adjustment. The beam commissioning based on the second stripping system will be finished and the extracted proton beam parameters will be measured in detail in this year.

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TUP15

Control System Dedicated for Beam Line of Proton Radiography on 100 MeV Cyclotron CYCIAE-100

202

Y.W. Zhang, H.R. Cai, L.C. Cao, T. Ge, S.M. Wei, J.J. Yang, Z.G. Yin, T.J. Zhang
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

After the first beam on July 4 2014, CYCIAE-100's performance have been improved gradually and is ready for routine operation. There are 7 beam lines in total in the design stage, i.e. N1:ISOL, N2:isotope production, N3:beam dump, S1: single energy neutron, S2:white light neutron source, S3: radiobiological effect, S4:single event effect. The beam lines N2 and N3 were combined into one line during the construction. In the last two years, we propose to build to two new lines, one for principle verification of Proton Radiography, the other one for demonstration of proton therapy. Both of them are quite special. In this paper, a control system for the operation of the beam line of proton radiography, including the magnets, vacuum and water cooling, the beam intensity & profile diagnostics, and the imaging etc, will be presented.

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FRB03

Proton Radiography Experiment Based on a 100 MeV Proton Cyclotron

401

J.J. Yang, H.R. Cai, L.C. Cao, T. Ge, Z.G. Li, Y.L. Lv, F. Wang, S.M. Wei, L.P. Wen, S.P. Zhang, T.J. Zhang, Y.W. Zhang, X. Zhen
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

A proof-of-principle test-stand for proton radiography is under construction at China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE). This test-stand will utilize the 100 MeV proton beam provided by the compact cyclotron CYCIAE-100, which has been built in the year of 2014, to radiograph thin static objects. The assembling of the test-stand components is finished by now. We will carry out the first proton radiography experiment in this July and hopefully we can get the first image before the opening of this conference. In this paper, the designing, constructing and commissioning of the proton radiography system will be described and the experiment result will be presented and discussed.

Slides FRB03 [2.764 MB]

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