Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
An important limiting factor in the performance of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities in medium and high field gradients is the intrinsic quality factor and, thus, the surface resistance of the cavity. The exact dependence of the surface resistance on the magnitude of the RF field is not well understood. We present an analysis of experimental data of LT1-3 and LT1-4, 1.3 GHz single-cell nitrogen-doped cavities prepared and tested at Cornell. Most interestingly, the cavities display anti-Q slopes in the medium-field region (i.e. Rs decreases with increasing accelerating field). We extract the temperature dependent surface resistances of the cavities, analyze field dependencies, and compare with theoretical predictions. These comparisons and analyses provide new insights into the field dependence of the surface resistance and improve our understanding of the mechanisms behind the effect.
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
The Linac Coherent Light Source-II (LCLS-II) is a new FEL x-ray source that is planned to be constructed in the existing SLAC tunnel. In order to meet the required high Q0 specification of 2.7x1010 at 2 K and 16 MV/m, nitrogen-doping has been proposed as a preparation method for the SRF cavities in the linac. In order to test the feasibility of these goals, four nitrogen-doped cavities have been tested at Cornell in the Horizontal Test Cryomodule (HTC) in five separate tests. The first three tests consisted of cavities assembled in the HTC with high Q input coupler. The fourth test used the same cavity as the third but with the prototype high power LCLS-II coupler installed. Finally, the fifth test used a high power LCLS-II coupler, cavity tuner, and HOM antennas. Here we report on the results from these tests along with a systematic analysis of change in performance due to the various steps in preparing and assembling LCLS-II cavities for cryomodule operation. These results represent one of the final steps to demonstrate readiness for full prototype cryomodule assembly for LCLS-II.
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
Recently, doping with nitrogen has been demonstrated to help SRF cavities reach significantly higher intrinsic quality factors than with standard procedures. However, the quench fields of these cavities have also been shown to be frequently reduced. Here we report on fundamental studies of doped cavities, investigating the source of reduced quench field and exploring alternative dopants. We have focused on studying the quench of nitrogen-doped cavities with temperature mapping and measurements of the flux penetration field using pulsed power to investigate maximum fields in nitrogen doped cavities. We also report on studies of cavities doped with other gases such as helium. These studies have enabled us to shed light on the mechanisms behind the higher Q and lower quench fields that have been observed in cavities doped with impurities.