IPAC2014 - Classification: 07 Accelerator Technology Main Systems / T20 Targetry

Paper	Title	Page
THPRI060	Conceptual Design of an Electromagnetic Driven Undulator Based Positron Target System for ILC	3908
	W. Gai, W. Liu ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	There have been intense activities on development of the fast spinning Ti wheel positron target for ILC in the last few years. As in many high power target design, it requires solutions for many technical challenges, such as vacuum, thermal stress and radiation damage control, just to name a few. Due to the unique beam timing structure, in this paper, we present a target system based on a electromagnetic mechanical system that drives a bullet type Ti slug (~ 1.4x1.4x10 cm, weigh ~ 50 g) as the target system. The mechanism is similar to a reloadable EM rail gun driven projectiles. The system can be compact, vacuum isolated, and ease of cooling. Conceptual design layout and parameter estimations are presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI060
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPRI081	A Transverse Electron Target for Heavy Ion Storage Rings	3958
	S. Geyer, O.K. Kester, O. Meusel IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany O.K. Kester GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	A transverse electron target already constructed is under investigation for the application in storage rings at the FAIR facility. Using a sheet beam of free electrons in a crossed beam geometry promises a high energy resolution and gives access to the interaction region for spectroscopy. The produced electron beam has a length of 10 cm in ion beam direction and a width of 5 mm in the interaction region with electron densities of up to 10⁹ electrons/cm³. The target allows the adjustment of the electron beam current and energy in the region of several 10 eV and a few keV. Simulations have been performed regarding the energy resolution for electron-ion collisions. Also the ion optical behaviour of the target was investigated numerically. The target is integrated in a test bench to study the performance of the electron gun and the electron beam optics. The installed volume ion source delivers light ions and molecules for characterization of the target performance by measuring charge changing processes. Subsequently the target will be installed temporarily at the Frankfurt Low-Energy Storage Ring (FLSR) for further test measurements. An overview of the project status will be presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI081
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPRI082	Power Upgrade Studies for the ISIS-TS1 Spallation Target	3961
	C. Bungau, A. Bungau, R. Cywinski, T.R. Edgecock University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
	ISIS is one of the world's most powerful spallation neutron sources for the study of material structures and dynamics. Currently ISIS has two spallation targets, TS1 operating at proton beam powers of up to 200kW, and TS2 operating to 45kW. This paper focuses upon an upgrade study of TS1 with the goal of increasing the ultimate operating power to 1 MW and beyond. During this study we have taken into consideration the necessity of maintaining the spallation neutron pulse width at current values. The increased heat deposition was monitored and the target plates dimensions were modified to take this into account.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI082
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPRI083	Target Design for the ISODAR Neutrino Experiment	3964
	A. Bungau, R.J. Barlow University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom J.R. Alonso, L.M. Bartoszek, J.M. Conrad, M. Moulai MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA M. Shaevitz Columbia University, New York, USA
	This paper focuses on the design of a high-intensity antineutrino source from the production and subsequent decay of Li8. The Geant4 code is used to calculate the anti-neutrino flux that can be obtained along with the production of undesirable contaminants. We present in this paper the optimised design for the target, moderators, reflector and shielding. Engineering issues associated with this design are also discussed in this paper.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI083
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPRI084	Testing Results of the Prototype Beam Absorber for the PXIE MEBT	3967
	C.M. Baffes, A.V. Shemyakin Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under Contract DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy One of the goals of the PXIE program at Fermilab is to demonstrate the capability to form an arbitrary bunch pattern from an initially CW 162.5 MHz H⁻ bunch train coming out of an RFQ. The bunch-by-bunch selection will take place in the 2.1 MeV Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) by directing the undesired bunches onto an absorber that needs to withstand a beam power of up to 21 kW, focused onto a spot with a ~2 mm rms radius. A prototype of the absorber was manufactured from molybdenum alloy TZM, and tested with an electron beam up to the peak surface power density required for PXIE, 17W/mm2. Temperatures and flow parameters were measured and compared to analysis. This paper describes the absorber prototype and key testing results.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI084
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPRI085	Target Station Design for the Mu2e Experiment	3970
	V.S. Pronskikh, G. Ambrosio, M.R. Campbell, R.N. Coleman, G. Ginther, V.V. Kashikhin, K.J. Krempetz, M.J. Lamm, A. Lee, A.F. Leveling, N.V. Mokhov, V.P. Nagaslaev, A.M. Stefanik, S.I. Striganov, S.J. Werkema Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA L.M. Bartoszek Bartoszek Engineering, Aurora, Illinois, USA C.J. Densham, P. Loveridge STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom K.R. Lynch, J.L. Popp CUNY, Bayside, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The Mu2e experiment at Fermilab is devoted to search for the conversion of a negative muon into an electron in the field of a nucleus without emission of neutrinos. One of the main parts of the Mu2e experimental setup is its Target Station in which negative pions are generated in interactions of the 8-GeV primary proton beam with a tungsten target. A large-aperture 5-T superconducting production solenoid (PS) enhances pion collection, and an S-shaped transport solenoid (TS) delivers muons and pions to the Mu2e detector. The heat and radiation shield (HRS) protects the PS and the first TS coils. A beam dump absorbs the spent beam. In order for the PS superconducting magnet to operate reliably the sophisticated HRS was designed and optimized for performance and cost. The beam dump was designed to absorb the spent beam and maintaining its temperature and air activation in the hall at the allowable level. Comprehensive MARS15 simulations have been carried out to optimize all the parts while maximizing muon yield. Results of simulations of critical radiation quantities and their implications on the overall Target Station design and integration will be reported.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI085
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPRI086	Beam Dumps of the New LCLS-II	3973
	M. Santana-Leitner, A. Ibrahimov, L.Y. Nicolas, S.H. Rokni, D.R. Walz, J.J. Welch SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. In 2013 the design of the new LCLS-II new hard X-FEL facility at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory was rescoped to operate two parallel variable gap undulator lines at repetition rates up to 1MHz and above. A new superconducting RF structure will be installed in the first third of the SLAC two-mile Linac to provide a few hundred kWof beam power at energies of up to 4 GeV. This paper describes the radiological aspects of the dumps that are being designed for the end of the electron beam lines. A layered arrangement of shielding materials is being optimized to reduce instantaneous dose leakage to occupied areas, minimum cool-down time to access the tunnel, and impact to equipment and to the environment. Calculations deal with numerous constraints, as legacy beam components will be used, and the existing tunnel structure was designed for beam powers fifty times below those envisaged for LCLS-II.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI086
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPRI087	Magnet Design for the Target System of a Muon Collider/Neutrino Factory	3976
	R.J. Weggel Particle Beam Lasers, Inc., Northridge, California, USA V.B. Graves ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA H.G. Kirk BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA K.T. McDonald PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
	The Target System and Pion Decay Channel for a Muon Collider/Neutrino Factory utilizes a string of solenoid magnet to capture and transport the low-energy pions whose decay provides the desired muon beams. The magnetic field strength at the target is 15-20 T, "tapering" down to 1.5-3 T in the Decay Channel. The superconducting coils which produce these fields must have substantial inner radius to accommodate internal shielding against radiation damage by secondary particles. A significant fraction of the primary beam energy is transported into the Decay Channel via protons, and the Decay Channel includes a magnetic chicane to provide a beam dump for these. The design of the various coils in this scenario is reported.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI087
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPRI088	Energy Deposition in the Target System of a Muon Collider/Neutrino Factory	3979
	K.T. McDonald PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA V.B. Graves ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA H.G. Kirk BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA N. Souchlas, R.J. Weggel Particle Beam Lasers, Inc., Northridge, California, USA
	Most of the energy of the primary proton beam of Muon Collider/Neutrino Factory would be deposited in the superconducting coils that provide a solenoid-magnet transport channel for secondary particles, unless those coils are protected by massive internal shielding. Studies are reported of energy deposition in such shielding, with the goal of permitting 10 years operational life at 4-MW beam power. The graphite target should be able to withstand the "thermal shock" induced by the pulsed beam; further study is needed to confirm this.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI088
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPRI089	Carbon Target Optimization for a Muon Collier/neutrino Factory With a 6.75 GeV Proton Driver	3982
	X.P. Ding UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA H.G. Kirk BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA K.T. McDonald PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
	The first phase of a Muon Collider/Neutrino Factory program may use a 6.75-GeV proton driver with beam power of only 1 MW. At this lower power it is favorable to use a graphite target (replaced quarterly) with beam and target tilted slightly to the axis of the 15-20 T pion-capture solenoid around the target. The low-energy proton beam is significantly deflected by the magnetic field, requiring careful optimization, reported here, of the beam/target configuration.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI089
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Page

Conceptual Design of an Electromagnetic Driven Undulator Based Positron Target System for ILC

3908

W. Gai, W. Liu
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

There have been intense activities on development of the fast spinning Ti wheel positron target for ILC in the last few years. As in many high power target design, it requires solutions for many technical challenges, such as vacuum, thermal stress and radiation damage control, just to name a few. Due to the unique beam timing structure, in this paper, we present a target system based on a electromagnetic mechanical system that drives a bullet type Ti slug (~ 1.4x1.4x10 cm, weigh ~ 50 g) as the target system. The mechanism is similar to a reloadable EM rail gun driven projectiles. The system can be compact, vacuum isolated, and ease of cooling. Conceptual design layout and parameter estimations are presented.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI060

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPRI081

A Transverse Electron Target for Heavy Ion Storage Rings

3958

S. Geyer, O.K. Kester, O. Meusel
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
O.K. Kester
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

A transverse electron target already constructed is under investigation for the application in storage rings at the FAIR facility. Using a sheet beam of free electrons in a crossed beam geometry promises a high energy resolution and gives access to the interaction region for spectroscopy. The produced electron beam has a length of 10 cm in ion beam direction and a width of 5 mm in the interaction region with electron densities of up to 10⁹ electrons/cm³. The target allows the adjustment of the electron beam current and energy in the region of several 10 eV and a few keV. Simulations have been performed regarding the energy resolution for electron-ion collisions. Also the ion optical behaviour of the target was investigated numerically. The target is integrated in a test bench to study the performance of the electron gun and the electron beam optics. The installed volume ion source delivers light ions and molecules for characterization of the target performance by measuring charge changing processes. Subsequently the target will be installed temporarily at the Frankfurt Low-Energy Storage Ring (FLSR) for further test measurements. An overview of the project status will be presented.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI081

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPRI082

Power Upgrade Studies for the ISIS-TS1 Spallation Target

3961

C. Bungau, A. Bungau, R. Cywinski, T.R. Edgecock
University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom

ISIS is one of the world's most powerful spallation neutron sources for the study of material structures and dynamics. Currently ISIS has two spallation targets, TS1 operating at proton beam powers of up to 200kW, and TS2 operating to 45kW. This paper focuses upon an upgrade study of TS1 with the goal of increasing the ultimate operating power to 1 MW and beyond. During this study we have taken into consideration the necessity of maintaining the spallation neutron pulse width at current values. The increased heat deposition was monitored and the target plates dimensions were modified to take this into account.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI082

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPRI083

Target Design for the ISODAR Neutrino Experiment

3964

A. Bungau, R.J. Barlow
University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
J.R. Alonso, L.M. Bartoszek, J.M. Conrad, M. Moulai
MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
M. Shaevitz
Columbia University, New York, USA

This paper focuses on the design of a high-intensity antineutrino source from the production and subsequent decay of Li8. The Geant4 code is used to calculate the anti-neutrino flux that can be obtained along with the production of undesirable contaminants. We present in this paper the optimised design for the target, moderators, reflector and shielding. Engineering issues associated with this design are also discussed in this paper.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI083

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPRI084

Testing Results of the Prototype Beam Absorber for the PXIE MEBT

3967

C.M. Baffes, A.V. Shemyakin
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under Contract DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy
One of the goals of the PXIE program at Fermilab is to demonstrate the capability to form an arbitrary bunch pattern from an initially CW 162.5 MHz H⁻ bunch train coming out of an RFQ. The bunch-by-bunch selection will take place in the 2.1 MeV Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) by directing the undesired bunches onto an absorber that needs to withstand a beam power of up to 21 kW, focused onto a spot with a ~2 mm rms radius. A prototype of the absorber was manufactured from molybdenum alloy TZM, and tested with an electron beam up to the peak surface power density required for PXIE, 17W/mm2. Temperatures and flow parameters were measured and compared to analysis. This paper describes the absorber prototype and key testing results.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI084

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPRI085

Target Station Design for the Mu2e Experiment

3970

V.S. Pronskikh, G. Ambrosio, M.R. Campbell, R.N. Coleman, G. Ginther, V.V. Kashikhin, K.J. Krempetz, M.J. Lamm, A. Lee, A.F. Leveling, N.V. Mokhov, V.P. Nagaslaev, A.M. Stefanik, S.I. Striganov, S.J. Werkema
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
L.M. Bartoszek
Bartoszek Engineering, Aurora, Illinois, USA
C.J. Densham, P. Loveridge
STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
K.R. Lynch, J.L. Popp
CUNY, Bayside, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The Mu2e experiment at Fermilab is devoted to search for the conversion of a negative muon into an electron in the field of a nucleus without emission of neutrinos. One of the main parts of the Mu2e experimental setup is its Target Station in which negative pions are generated in interactions of the 8-GeV primary proton beam with a tungsten target. A large-aperture 5-T superconducting production solenoid (PS) enhances pion collection, and an S-shaped transport solenoid (TS) delivers muons and pions to the Mu2e detector. The heat and radiation shield (HRS) protects the PS and the first TS coils. A beam dump absorbs the spent beam. In order for the PS superconducting magnet to operate reliably the sophisticated HRS was designed and optimized for performance and cost. The beam dump was designed to absorb the spent beam and maintaining its temperature and air activation in the hall at the allowable level. Comprehensive MARS15 simulations have been carried out to optimize all the parts while maximizing muon yield. Results of simulations of critical radiation quantities and their implications on the overall Target Station design and integration will be reported.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI085

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPRI086

Beam Dumps of the New LCLS-II

3973

M. Santana-Leitner, A. Ibrahimov, L.Y. Nicolas, S.H. Rokni, D.R. Walz, J.J. Welch
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.
In 2013 the design of the new LCLS-II new hard X-FEL facility at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory was rescoped to operate two parallel variable gap undulator lines at repetition rates up to 1MHz and above. A new superconducting RF structure will be installed in the first third of the SLAC two-mile Linac to provide a few hundred kWof beam power at energies of up to 4 GeV. This paper describes the radiological aspects of the dumps that are being designed for the end of the electron beam lines. A layered arrangement of shielding materials is being optimized to reduce instantaneous dose leakage to occupied areas, minimum cool-down time to access the tunnel, and impact to equipment and to the environment. Calculations deal with numerous constraints, as legacy beam components will be used, and the existing tunnel structure was designed for beam powers fifty times below those envisaged for LCLS-II.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI086

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPRI087

Magnet Design for the Target System of a Muon Collider/Neutrino Factory

3976

R.J. Weggel
Particle Beam Lasers, Inc., Northridge, California, USA
V.B. Graves
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
H.G. Kirk
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
K.T. McDonald
PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA

The Target System and Pion Decay Channel for a Muon Collider/Neutrino Factory utilizes a string of solenoid magnet to capture and transport the low-energy pions whose decay provides the desired muon beams. The magnetic field strength at the target is 15-20 T, "tapering" down to 1.5-3 T in the Decay Channel. The superconducting coils which produce these fields must have substantial inner radius to accommodate internal shielding against radiation damage by secondary particles. A significant fraction of the primary beam energy is transported into the Decay Channel via protons, and the Decay Channel includes a magnetic chicane to provide a beam dump for these. The design of the various coils in this scenario is reported.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI087

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPRI088

Energy Deposition in the Target System of a Muon Collider/Neutrino Factory

3979

K.T. McDonald
PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
V.B. Graves
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
H.G. Kirk
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
N. Souchlas, R.J. Weggel
Particle Beam Lasers, Inc., Northridge, California, USA

Most of the energy of the primary proton beam of Muon Collider/Neutrino Factory would be deposited in the superconducting coils that provide a solenoid-magnet transport channel for secondary particles, unless those coils are protected by massive internal shielding. Studies are reported of energy deposition in such shielding, with the goal of permitting 10 years operational life at 4-MW beam power. The graphite target should be able to withstand the "thermal shock" induced by the pulsed beam; further study is needed to confirm this.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI088

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPRI089

Carbon Target Optimization for a Muon Collier/neutrino Factory With a 6.75 GeV Proton Driver

3982

X.P. Ding
UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
H.G. Kirk
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
K.T. McDonald
PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA

The first phase of a Muon Collider/Neutrino Factory program may use a 6.75-GeV proton driver with beam power of only 1 MW. At this lower power it is favorable to use a graphite target (replaced quarterly) with beam and target tilted slightly to the axis of the 15-20 T pion-capture solenoid around the target. The low-energy proton beam is significantly deflected by the magnetic field, requiring careful optimization, reported here, of the beam/target configuration.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI089

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)