IPAC2014 - Classification: 02 Synchrotron Light Sources and FELs / T12 Beam Injection/Extraction and Transport

Paper	Title	Page
WEOAA01	Longitudinal Top-up Injection for Small Aperture Storage Rings	1842
	M. Aiba, M. Böge, F. Marcellini, Á. Saá Hernández, A. Streun PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	Future light sources aim at achieving a diffraction limited photon beam both in the horizontal and vertical planes. Small magnet apertures and high magnet gradients of a corresponding ultra-low emittance lattice may restrict physical and dynamic acceptance of the storage ring such that off-axis injection and accumulation may become impossible. We investigate a longitudinal injection, i.e. injecting an electron bunch onto the closed orbit with a time-offset with respect to the circulating bunches. The injected bunch will be merged to a circulating bunch thanks to longitudinal damping.
	Slides WEOAA01 [0.953 MB]
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WEPRO009	A New Booster Synchrotron for the Sirius Project	1959
	L. Liu, X.R. Resende, A.R.D. Rodrigues, F.H. de Sá LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
	The design for the Sirius full energy booster has been modified after the decision to change the storage ring lattice from TBA to 5BA in July 2012. In the new design the booster is concentric with the storage ring and shares the same tunnel. The achieved emittance of 3.7 nm.rad at 3 GeV for this large booster (496.8 m circumference) is better matched to the 5BA storage ring emittance of 0.28 nm.rad. Good nonlinear behaviour and efficient closed orbit correction in the presence of realistic errors are shown. Injection and extraction schemes and eddy current effects during ramping are also discussed.
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WEPRO011	Design Study of Pulsed Multipole Injection for Aichi SR	1962
	N. Yamamoto, M. Hosaka, A. Mano, T. Takano, Y. Takashima Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan M. Katoh UVSOR, Okazaki, Japan
	Since March of 2013 the user operation has been started with the top-up injection mode of the storage ring at Aich SR.The accelerators of Aichi SR consisted with a 50 MeV linac, an 1.2 GeV full energy booster and the storage ring. The　operation current of the storage ring is 300 mA and the injection rate is up to 1 Hz. The single bunch injection scheme is　employed and the electron beam can be injected into the arbitrary bucket of the storage ring. Up to now, the stabilitiy of 0.2 % for the stored beam current was achieved, however, the coherent oscillation of stored beams due to injection kikers is also obserbed. In order to introduce the new injection scheme into Aichi SR and to suppress that coherent oscillation, we have designed the pulsed multipole injection system. The system consists of the sextupole-like pulsed magnet and the micro-sec responce power supply. In the paper, we will report the results of beam tracking calculations with our designed magnet and power supply.
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WEPRO012	New Injection System of Siberia-2 Light Source	1965
	S.I. Tomin, V. Korchuganov NRC, Moscow, Russia
	The storage ring Siberia-2 is SR source of second generation with circumference 124 m. The electron beam is injected into the ring at the energy 450 MeV. The Siberia-2 injection system was initially consisted of two high voltage rectangular pulses generators connected to the two in-vacuum strip – line kickers of traveling wave (wave impedance 50 Ohm) – a pre-inflector and an inflector. The amplitude voltage was 25-35 kV with 20 ns pulse duration and 2-3 ns pulse front/fall. Recently the new injection generators were proposed. Injection system now includes the same kickers and the new 1 microsecond pulse duration and 10 kV voltage amplitude generators. A dynamics of the electron beam after injection moment is considered in the article. The possibility of effective injection with kikers pulse duration over 2 periods of revolution of the electron beam is shown. The results of the new injection system commissioning are also demonstrated.
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WEPRO013	Design Modifications and Installation of the Injection Girder System in the Taiwan Photon Source	1968
	K.H. Hsu, J.-R. Chen, Y.L. Chu, H.C. Ho, D.-G. Huang, W.Y. Lai, C.J. Lin, Y.-H. Liu, H.M. Luo, S.Y. Perng, P.L. Sung, T.C. Tseng, H.S. Wang, M.H. Wu NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan J.-R. Chen National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	The prototype of TPS injection girder system was designed and installed in a temporary factory. As the leakage field of the kicker magnet in the prototype was found to be too large according to both simulation and measurement to be acceptable, the lattice was altered to fit the requirements. In this paper, we present the design modifications of the injection girder system due to the new lattice. The DC septum magnet is replaced by a pre-AC septum magnet, of which its adjustable stage must be redesigned. The positions of vacuum components in the injection girder are also altered; we add some new holes in the prototype girder. The prototype of an injection girder system after modification has been installed in the tunnel of Taiwan Photon Source. The accuracy of position of three girders installed, and the stages for the septum or kicker magnet are within 0.25 and 0.08 mm, respectively.
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WEPRO014	The Installations of the In-vacuum Kicker System of the Booster Injection Section in TPS	1971
	C.S. Chen, C.K. Chan, K.H. Hsu, Y.T. Huang, Y.-H. Liu, C.S. Yang NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	The installations of the In-Vacuum kicker system of the booster injection in TPS are presented in this article. Due to the more than 20 kV operation voltages and precise positioning requirements, the insulations and positioning systems are designed with more attentions. Although increasing the gap between high potential parts and ground could provide enough withstanding voltage, on the other hand, the insufficient space and vacuum requirements limit the sizes of insulators. Therefore, lots of effort have been done to deal with these conflicts. All assembling processes will be described in this paper as well.
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WEPRO015	RF Injector Beam Dynamics Optimization for LCLS-II	1974
	C. F. Papadopoulos, D. Filippetto, F. Sannibale LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA P. Emma, T.O. Raubenheimer, J.F. Schmerge, L. Wang, F. Zhou SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	Funding: This work was supported in part by the Work supported, in part, by the LCLS-II Project and by the Director of the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract no. DEAC02-05CH11231 LCLS-II is a proposal for a high repetition rate (>1 MHz) FEL, based on a CW, superconducting linac. The LCLS-II injector is being optimized by a collaboration from Cornell University, Fermilab, LBNL, and SLAC. There are a number of different possible technical choices for the injector including an rf gun or a high voltage DC gun. In this paper we present the status of the simulations for the injector optimization for an rf gun choice for LCLS-II. A multiobjective genetic optimizer is implemented for this reason, and optimized solutions for different bunch charges, corresponding to different operating modes, are presented. These operating points are also the initial part of the start-to-end simulations for LCLS-II. Finally, we discuss the trade-offs between compression and brightness conservation in the low energy (<100 MeV) part of the accelerator, as well as the status of sensitivity studies.
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WEPRO016	Injection/Extraction Kicker for the ALS-U Project	1977
	S. De Santis, W. Barry, S. Kwiatkowski, T.H. Luo, G.C. Pappas, L.R. Reginato, D. Robin, C. Steier, C. Sun, H. Tarawneh, W.L. Waldron LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the US Department of Energy under Contract no. DEAC02-05CH11231 The ALS-II proposal consists in the upgrade of the existing Advanced Light Source at LBNL to a new ultra-low emittance lattice for production of diffraction-limited soft x-rays. In order to compensate for the reduced beam lifetime we intend to operate the machine in continuous top-off mode, where one of several bunch trains is extracted every 30-60 seconds and swapped with a fresh train from the accumulator ring, which is injected on axis without perturbing the circulating beam. In this paper we present a possible design for the injection/extraction kicker based on matched stripline electrodes. The main parameters of such a kicker are discussed in reference to the minimum gap between trains, the storage ring lattice, and the characteristics of a suitable pulser. We also present results from 3D electromagnetic modeling of the proposed kicker performed to evaluate its rise and fall time and field uniformity characteristics.
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WEPRO018	Theoretical Maximum Current of the NSLS-II Linac	1980
	R.P. Fliller, F. Gao, G.M. Wang BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. An analysis of the maximum available NSLS-II linac current was performed as part of the preparation for NSLS-II Booster commissioning. The analysis was necessary in order to establish the maximum beam current available from the linac and the maximum current that would be available to the booster accelerator. In this paper we discuss the assumptions that were used in determining the maximum linac current, the model of the linac and comparison to operational conditions.
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WEPRO019	Comparison of the NSLS-II Linac Model to Measurements	1983
	R.P. Fliller BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy The NSLS-II linac and associated transport lines were successfully installed and commissioned in the spring of 2012. Various beam measurements were performed to ensure that the linac met specifications and would be a suitable injector for the NSLS-II booster. In this paper we discuss the outcomes of these measurements and compare them to the model of the NSLS-II linac.
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WEPRO020	Energy Interlock in the NSLS II Booster to Storage Ring Transfer Line	1986
	S. Seletskiy, R.P. Fliller, S.L. Kramer, T.V. Shaftan BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Under normal operational conditions in NSLS-II the energy of the beam extracted from the Booster and transferred to and injected into the Storage Ring (SR) is 3 GeV. It was determined that for the commissioning purposes energy range of the beam reaching the SR is allowed to be 2 GeV - 3.15 GeV. While the upper limit of the beam energy is defined by the maximum possible settings of Booster dipoles at the top of the ramp, the lower energy limit has to be provided by magnet interlocks. The constraints of time and resources do not allow providing dynamic interlocks of the Booster dipoles for commissioning stage of NSLS-II. In this paper we find a feasible solution for the static interlock of magnets in the Booster to SR transfer line (BSR) which creates a required “energy filter”.
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Paper

Title

Page

Longitudinal Top-up Injection for Small Aperture Storage Rings

1842

M. Aiba, M. Böge, F. Marcellini, Á. Saá Hernández, A. Streun
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

Future light sources aim at achieving a diffraction limited photon beam both in the horizontal and vertical planes. Small magnet apertures and high magnet gradients of a corresponding ultra-low emittance lattice may restrict physical and dynamic acceptance of the storage ring such that off-axis injection and accumulation may become impossible. We investigate a longitudinal injection, i.e. injecting an electron bunch onto the closed orbit with a time-offset with respect to the circulating bunches. The injected bunch will be merged to a circulating bunch thanks to longitudinal damping.

Slides WEOAA01 [0.953 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEOAA01

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WEPRO009

A New Booster Synchrotron for the Sirius Project

1959

L. Liu, X.R. Resende, A.R.D. Rodrigues, F.H. de Sá
LNLS, Campinas, Brazil

The design for the Sirius full energy booster has been modified after the decision to change the storage ring lattice from TBA to 5BA in July 2012. In the new design the booster is concentric with the storage ring and shares the same tunnel. The achieved emittance of 3.7 nm.rad at 3 GeV for this large booster (496.8 m circumference) is better matched to the 5BA storage ring emittance of 0.28 nm.rad. Good nonlinear behaviour and efficient closed orbit correction in the presence of realistic errors are shown. Injection and extraction schemes and eddy current effects during ramping are also discussed.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO009

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WEPRO011

Design Study of Pulsed Multipole Injection for Aichi SR

1962

N. Yamamoto, M. Hosaka, A. Mano, T. Takano, Y. Takashima
Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
M. Katoh
UVSOR, Okazaki, Japan

Since March of 2013 the user operation has been started with the top-up injection mode of the storage ring at Aich SR.The accelerators of Aichi SR consisted with a 50 MeV linac, an 1.2 GeV full energy booster and the storage ring. The　operation current of the storage ring is 300 mA and the injection rate is up to 1 Hz. The single bunch injection scheme is　employed and the electron beam can be injected into the arbitrary bucket of the storage ring. Up to now, the stabilitiy of 0.2 % for the stored beam current was achieved, however, the coherent oscillation of stored beams due to injection kikers is also obserbed. In order to introduce the new injection scheme into Aichi SR and to suppress that coherent oscillation, we have designed the pulsed multipole injection system. The system consists of the sextupole-like pulsed magnet and the micro-sec responce power supply. In the paper, we will report the results of beam tracking calculations with our designed magnet and power supply.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO011

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WEPRO012

New Injection System of Siberia-2 Light Source

1965

S.I. Tomin, V. Korchuganov
NRC, Moscow, Russia

The storage ring Siberia-2 is SR source of second generation with circumference 124 m. The electron beam is injected into the ring at the energy 450 MeV. The Siberia-2 injection system was initially consisted of two high voltage rectangular pulses generators connected to the two in-vacuum strip – line kickers of traveling wave (wave impedance 50 Ohm) – a pre-inflector and an inflector. The amplitude voltage was 25-35 kV with 20 ns pulse duration and 2-3 ns pulse front/fall. Recently the new injection generators were proposed. Injection system now includes the same kickers and the new 1 microsecond pulse duration and 10 kV voltage amplitude generators. A dynamics of the electron beam after injection moment is considered in the article. The possibility of effective injection with kikers pulse duration over 2 periods of revolution of the electron beam is shown. The results of the new injection system commissioning are also demonstrated.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO012

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WEPRO013

Design Modifications and Installation of the Injection Girder System in the Taiwan Photon Source

1968

K.H. Hsu, J.-R. Chen, Y.L. Chu, H.C. Ho, D.-G. Huang, W.Y. Lai, C.J. Lin, Y.-H. Liu, H.M. Luo, S.Y. Perng, P.L. Sung, T.C. Tseng, H.S. Wang, M.H. Wu
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
J.-R. Chen
National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan

The prototype of TPS injection girder system was designed and installed in a temporary factory. As the leakage field of the kicker magnet in the prototype was found to be too large according to both simulation and measurement to be acceptable, the lattice was altered to fit the requirements. In this paper, we present the design modifications of the injection girder system due to the new lattice. The DC septum magnet is replaced by a pre-AC septum magnet, of which its adjustable stage must be redesigned. The positions of vacuum components in the injection girder are also altered; we add some new holes in the prototype girder. The prototype of an injection girder system after modification has been installed in the tunnel of Taiwan Photon Source. The accuracy of position of three girders installed, and the stages for the septum or kicker magnet are within 0.25 and 0.08 mm, respectively.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO013

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WEPRO014

The Installations of the In-vacuum Kicker System of the Booster Injection Section in TPS

1971

C.S. Chen, C.K. Chan, K.H. Hsu, Y.T. Huang, Y.-H. Liu, C.S. Yang
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

The installations of the In-Vacuum kicker system of the booster injection in TPS are presented in this article. Due to the more than 20 kV operation voltages and precise positioning requirements, the insulations and positioning systems are designed with more attentions. Although increasing the gap between high potential parts and ground could provide enough withstanding voltage, on the other hand, the insufficient space and vacuum requirements limit the sizes of insulators. Therefore, lots of effort have been done to deal with these conflicts. All assembling processes will be described in this paper as well.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO014

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WEPRO015

RF Injector Beam Dynamics Optimization for LCLS-II

1974

C. F. Papadopoulos, D. Filippetto, F. Sannibale
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
P. Emma, T.O. Raubenheimer, J.F. Schmerge, L. Wang, F. Zhou
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Funding: This work was supported in part by the Work supported, in part, by the LCLS-II Project and by the Director of the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract no. DEAC02-05CH11231
LCLS-II is a proposal for a high repetition rate (>1 MHz) FEL, based on a CW, superconducting linac. The LCLS-II injector is being optimized by a collaboration from Cornell University, Fermilab, LBNL, and SLAC. There are a number of different possible technical choices for the injector including an rf gun or a high voltage DC gun. In this paper we present the status of the simulations for the injector optimization for an rf gun choice for LCLS-II. A multiobjective genetic optimizer is implemented for this reason, and optimized solutions for different bunch charges, corresponding to different operating modes, are presented. These operating points are also the initial part of the start-to-end simulations for LCLS-II. Finally, we discuss the trade-offs between compression and brightness conservation in the low energy (<100 MeV) part of the accelerator, as well as the status of sensitivity studies.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO015

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WEPRO016

Injection/Extraction Kicker for the ALS-U Project

1977

S. De Santis, W. Barry, S. Kwiatkowski, T.H. Luo, G.C. Pappas, L.R. Reginato, D. Robin, C. Steier, C. Sun, H. Tarawneh, W.L. Waldron
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by the US Department of Energy under Contract no. DEAC02-05CH11231
The ALS-II proposal consists in the upgrade of the existing Advanced Light Source at LBNL to a new ultra-low emittance lattice for production of diffraction-limited soft x-rays. In order to compensate for the reduced beam lifetime we intend to operate the machine in continuous top-off mode, where one of several bunch trains is extracted every 30-60 seconds and swapped with a fresh train from the accumulator ring, which is injected on axis without perturbing the circulating beam. In this paper we present a possible design for the injection/extraction kicker based on matched stripline electrodes. The main parameters of such a kicker are discussed in reference to the minimum gap between trains, the storage ring lattice, and the characteristics of a suitable pulser. We also present results from 3D electromagnetic modeling of the proposed kicker performed to evaluate its rise and fall time and field uniformity characteristics.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO016

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WEPRO018

Theoretical Maximum Current of the NSLS-II Linac

1980

R.P. Fliller, F. Gao, G.M. Wang
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
An analysis of the maximum available NSLS-II linac current was performed as part of the preparation for NSLS-II Booster commissioning. The analysis was necessary in order to establish the maximum beam current available from the linac and the maximum current that would be available to the booster accelerator. In this paper we discuss the assumptions that were used in determining the maximum linac current, the model of the linac and comparison to operational conditions.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO018

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WEPRO019

Comparison of the NSLS-II Linac Model to Measurements

1983

R.P. Fliller
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy
The NSLS-II linac and associated transport lines were successfully installed and commissioned in the spring of 2012. Various beam measurements were performed to ensure that the linac met specifications and would be a suitable injector for the NSLS-II booster. In this paper we discuss the outcomes of these measurements and compare them to the model of the NSLS-II linac.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO019

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WEPRO020

Energy Interlock in the NSLS II Booster to Storage Ring Transfer Line

1986

S. Seletskiy, R.P. Fliller, S.L. Kramer, T.V. Shaftan
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Under normal operational conditions in NSLS-II the energy of the beam extracted from the Booster and transferred to and injected into the Storage Ring (SR) is 3 GeV. It was determined that for the commissioning purposes energy range of the beam reaching the SR is allowed to be 2 GeV - 3.15 GeV. While the upper limit of the beam energy is defined by the maximum possible settings of Booster dipoles at the top of the ramp, the lower energy limit has to be provided by magnet interlocks. The constraints of time and resources do not allow providing dynamic interlocks of the Booster dipoles for commissioning stage of NSLS-II. In this paper we find a feasible solution for the static interlock of magnets in the Booster to SR transfer line (BSR) which creates a required “energy filter”.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO020

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