Paper |
Title |
Page |
MOPPR047 |
Study of the Response of Low Pressure Ionisation Chambers |
888 |
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- E. Nebot Del Busto, B. Dehning, E. Effinger, V. Grishin, J.F. Herranz Alvarez
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
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The Beam Loss Monitoring System (BLM) of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is based on parallel plate Ionization Chambers (IC) with active volume ~1.5l and a nitrogen filling gas at 0.1 bar overpressure. At the largest loss locations, the ICs generate signals large enough to saturate the read-out electronics. A reduction of the active volume and filling pressure in the ICs would decrease the amount of charge collected in the electrodes, and so provide a higher saturation limit using the same electroncis. This makes Little Ionization Chambers (LIC) filled with both reduced pressure and active volume a good candidate for these high radiation areas. In this contribution we present measurements performed with several LIC monitors with reduced active volume and various filling pressures. These detectors were tested under various conditions with different beam setups, with standard LHC ICs used for calibration purposes.
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THPPP086 |
UFOs in the LHC: Observations, Studies and Extrapolations |
3936 |
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- T. Baer, M.J. Barnes, F. Cerutti, A. Ferrari, N. Garrel, B. Goddard, E.B. Holzer, S. Jackson, A. Lechner, V. Mertens, M. Misiowiec, E. Nebot Del Busto, A. Nordt, J.A. Uythoven, V. Vlachoudis, J. Wenninger, C. Zamantzas, F. Zimmermann
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
- T. Baer
University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- N. Fuster Martinez
Valencia University, Atomic Molecular and Nuclear Physics Department, Valencia, Spain
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Unidentified falling objects (UFOs) are potentially a major luminosity limitation for nominal LHC operation. They are presumably micrometer sized dust particles which lead to fast beam losses when they interact with the beam. With large-scale increases and optimizations of the beam loss monitor (BLM) thresholds, their impact on LHC availability was mitigated from mid 2011 onwards. For higher beam energy and lower magnet quench limits, the problem is expected to be considerably worse, though. In 2011/12, the diagnostics for UFO events were significantly improved: dedicated experiments and measurements in the LHC and in the laboratory were made and complemented by FLUKA simulations and theoretical studies. The state of knowledge, extrapolations for nominal LHC operation and mitigation strategies are presented.
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