IBIC2012 - List of Keywords (background)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOCC01	UV/X-ray Diffraction Radiation for Non-intercepting Micron-scale Beam Size Measurement	target, radiation, experiment, electron	24
	L.M. Bobb, N. Chritin, T. Lefèvre CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M.G. Billing CLASSE, Ithaca, New York, USA L.M. Bobb, V. Karataev JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
	Diffraction Radiation (DR) is produced when a relativistic charged particle moves in the vicinity of a medium. The electric field of the charged particle polarizes the target atoms which then oscillate, emitting radiation with a very broad spectrum. The spatial-spectral properties of DR are sensitive to a range of electron beam parameters. Furthermore, the energy loss due to DR is so small that the electron beam parameters are unchanged. Therefore DR can be used to develop non-invasive diagnostic tools. The aim of this project is to measure the transverse (vertical) beam size using incoherent DR. To achieve the micron-scale resolution required by CLIC, DR in the UV and X-ray spectral-range must be investigated. During the next few years, experimental validation of such a scheme will be conducted on the CesrTA at Cornell University, USA. Here we present the current status of the experiment preparation.
	Slides MOCC01 [3.064 MB]

MOPB76	Evaluation of a Fluorescent Screen with a CCD System for Quality Assurance in Heavy-Ion Beam Scanning Irradiation System	ion, heavy-ion, radiation, controls	249
	Y. Hara, T. Furukawa, T. Inaniwa, K. Mizushima, K. Noda, S. Sato, T. Shirai, E. Takeshita NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan
	The precise heavy-ion therapy such as the scanning irradiation system necessitates the precise quality assurance (QA) procedures to verify the performance of therapeutic scanned ion beams. To evaluate the uniformity of the 2D field, radiographic film is used due to its high spatial resolution and suit for the measurements of the integral dose. However, this technique is time consuming. Thus, we developed the QA tool with high spatial resolution to verify accuracy of the lateral size, position and uniformity of scanned ion beams in clinical application at the HIMAC, which we called the QA-SCN. The QA-SCN consists of a fluorescent screen, a CCD camera, a mirror, camera controllers and a dark box to protect against surrounding light. In this paper, to evaluate the performance of the QA-SCN, we compared the results obtained by using it with the measurements by radiographic film performed in the same experimental conditions. Also, we verified several types of corrections about errors, e.g. background, vignetting, to distort the measurement results. As a result, we confirmed that the QA-SCN can be used as the system for QA procedures of therapeutic scanned ion beams.

TUPA08	Application of Single Crystal Diamonds (scCVD) as Beam Conditions Monitors at LHC	experiment, luminosity, vacuum, data-acquisition	344
	M.E. Castro Carballo DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany
	The properties of the single-crystal diamond (scCVD): radiation hardness, low leakage current and fast signal, make it suitable for use as a particle detector in areas of high radiation dose. The Beam Conditions and Radiation Monitoring system (BRM) of the CMS experiment has a monitor (BCM1F) consisting of 4 modules located 1.8 m away from the interaction point, on both sides. Each module contains a sensor, radiation hard FEE and optical transmission of the signal. It counts single particles of beam halo, beam-gas, machine induced background, and collision products. The BRM protects CMS from high beam losses and provides feedback to the LHC and CMS on the beam conditions. The BCM1F sub-detector is very helpful as it is able to provide different background information together with luminosity correlations. Additional scCVD sensors are being installed in the LHC ring to be used as BLMs. The new BLM system (BCM1F4LHC) will be composed of 8 diamonds in points likely to suffer from beam losses. Nowadays, four sensors deliver information of hit rates that are correlated to the existing BLMs. A characterization of both BCM1F systems is presented.

TUPB72	Injected Beam Profile Measurement during Top-up Operation	injection, operation, storage-ring, timing	508
	M.J. Boland ASCo, Clayton, Victoria, Australia T.M. Mitsuhashi KEK, Ibaraki, Japan K.P. Wootton The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
	A coronagraph-like apparatus was constructed on the optical diagnostic beamline on the storage ring to observe the injected beam during top-up operations. An image was created on an intensified CCD that can be gated on a single bunch or on a bunch train for a stronger signal. The bright central stored beam was obscured so the comparatively faint injected beam could be observed. The injected beam comes in at a large enough offset so that it was clearly visible above any diffraction or beam halo signals. The beam profile measured was in good agreement with the observations made of the injected beam only using a telescope apparatus. The measurements were made during user beam in top-up operation mode and can be used to optimise the injection process.

TUPB78	Flying Wire Beam Profile Monitors at the J-PARC MR	injection, timing, proton, emittance	527
	S. Igarashi, D.A. Arakawa, Y. Hashimoto, M. Tejima, T. Toyama KEK, Ibaraki, Japan K. Hanamura Mitsubishi Electric System & Service Co., Ltd, Tsukuba, Japan
	Transverse beam profiles have been measured using flying wire monitors at the main ring of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex. The wire target should be thin and the wire scan has to be fast for the precise profile measurement. Otherwise the beam distribution would be disturbed and the measured profile would not be accurate. We use carbon fibers of 7 μm in diameter and the scan speed of 10 m/s. The wire is attached with an aluminum flame of 140 mm of the rotation radius and rotated with a DC servomotor. A potentiometer is attached to the wire flame and the angle readout is used for the feedback of the servomotor and the wire position measurement. The secondary particles from the beam-wire scattering are measured with a scintillation counter. Beam profiles are reconstructed by making the scatter plot of the scintillator signal and wire position. Both horizontal and vertical flying wire monitors have been used for the beam commissioning. We have successfully measured the beam profile of up to 1.2×10¹³ protons per bunch.

TUPB79	Use of Gafchromic Films to Measure the Transverse Intensity Distribution of a Large-area Ion Beam	ion, multipole, cyclotron, experiment	531
	Y. Yuri, I. Ishibori, T. Ishizaka, A. Kitamura, S. Okumura, T. Yuyama JAEA/TARRI, Gunma-ken, Japan S. Sawada, T. Yamaki JAEA/QuBS, Takasaki, Japan
	In the TIARA AVF cyclotron facility of JAEA, it is necessary to evaluate the cross-sectional area and uniformity of a large-area uniform ion beam formed by multipole magnets both precisely and handily. A technique has, therefore, been developed to measure the two-dimensional transverse intensity distribution of the ion beam using Gafchromic radiochromic films (Ashland Inc.). In order to show available fluence ranges of the film, the coloring response of the Gafchromic films irradiated with several species of ion beams is investigated as a change in the optical density of the film. It has been found that the optical density increases linearly with the fluence, whose range is practical for materials and biological research. Thus, the relative transverse intensity distribution of ion beams can be measured using the film. Furthermore, the intensity distribution determined by the Gafchromic film is compared with the area-density distribution of track-etched pores in a polymer film from a microscopic viewpoint. It has been demonstrated that the beam uniformity obtained from the Gafchromic film is equivalent to the relative standard deviation of the microscopic pore distribution.

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOCC01

UV/X-ray Diffraction Radiation for Non-intercepting Micron-scale Beam Size Measurement

target, radiation, experiment, electron

24

L.M. Bobb, N. Chritin, T. Lefèvre
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M.G. Billing
CLASSE, Ithaca, New York, USA
L.M. Bobb, V. Karataev
JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom

Diffraction Radiation (DR) is produced when a relativistic charged particle moves in the vicinity of a medium. The electric field of the charged particle polarizes the target atoms which then oscillate, emitting radiation with a very broad spectrum. The spatial-spectral properties of DR are sensitive to a range of electron beam parameters. Furthermore, the energy loss due to DR is so small that the electron beam parameters are unchanged. Therefore DR can be used to develop non-invasive diagnostic tools. The aim of this project is to measure the transverse (vertical) beam size using incoherent DR. To achieve the micron-scale resolution required by CLIC, DR in the UV and X-ray spectral-range must be investigated. During the next few years, experimental validation of such a scheme will be conducted on the CesrTA at Cornell University, USA. Here we present the current status of the experiment preparation.

Slides MOCC01 [3.064 MB]

MOPB76

Evaluation of a Fluorescent Screen with a CCD System for Quality Assurance in Heavy-Ion Beam Scanning Irradiation System

ion, heavy-ion, radiation, controls

249

Y. Hara, T. Furukawa, T. Inaniwa, K. Mizushima, K. Noda, S. Sato, T. Shirai, E. Takeshita
NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan

The precise heavy-ion therapy such as the scanning irradiation system necessitates the precise quality assurance (QA) procedures to verify the performance of therapeutic scanned ion beams. To evaluate the uniformity of the 2D field, radiographic film is used due to its high spatial resolution and suit for the measurements of the integral dose. However, this technique is time consuming. Thus, we developed the QA tool with high spatial resolution to verify accuracy of the lateral size, position and uniformity of scanned ion beams in clinical application at the HIMAC, which we called the QA-SCN. The QA-SCN consists of a fluorescent screen, a CCD camera, a mirror, camera controllers and a dark box to protect against surrounding light. In this paper, to evaluate the performance of the QA-SCN, we compared the results obtained by using it with the measurements by radiographic film performed in the same experimental conditions. Also, we verified several types of corrections about errors, e.g. background, vignetting, to distort the measurement results. As a result, we confirmed that the QA-SCN can be used as the system for QA procedures of therapeutic scanned ion beams.

TUPA08

Application of Single Crystal Diamonds (scCVD) as Beam Conditions Monitors at LHC

experiment, luminosity, vacuum, data-acquisition

344

M.E. Castro Carballo
DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany

The properties of the single-crystal diamond (scCVD): radiation hardness, low leakage current and fast signal, make it suitable for use as a particle detector in areas of high radiation dose. The Beam Conditions and Radiation Monitoring system (BRM) of the CMS experiment has a monitor (BCM1F) consisting of 4 modules located 1.8 m away from the interaction point, on both sides. Each module contains a sensor, radiation hard FEE and optical transmission of the signal. It counts single particles of beam halo, beam-gas, machine induced background, and collision products. The BRM protects CMS from high beam losses and provides feedback to the LHC and CMS on the beam conditions. The BCM1F sub-detector is very helpful as it is able to provide different background information together with luminosity correlations. Additional scCVD sensors are being installed in the LHC ring to be used as BLMs. The new BLM system (BCM1F4LHC) will be composed of 8 diamonds in points likely to suffer from beam losses. Nowadays, four sensors deliver information of hit rates that are correlated to the existing BLMs. A characterization of both BCM1F systems is presented.

TUPB72

Injected Beam Profile Measurement during Top-up Operation

injection, operation, storage-ring, timing

508

M.J. Boland
ASCo, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
T.M. Mitsuhashi
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
K.P. Wootton
The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia

A coronagraph-like apparatus was constructed on the optical diagnostic beamline on the storage ring to observe the injected beam during top-up operations. An image was created on an intensified CCD that can be gated on a single bunch or on a bunch train for a stronger signal. The bright central stored beam was obscured so the comparatively faint injected beam could be observed. The injected beam comes in at a large enough offset so that it was clearly visible above any diffraction or beam halo signals. The beam profile measured was in good agreement with the observations made of the injected beam only using a telescope apparatus. The measurements were made during user beam in top-up operation mode and can be used to optimise the injection process.

TUPB78

Flying Wire Beam Profile Monitors at the J-PARC MR

injection, timing, proton, emittance

527

S. Igarashi, D.A. Arakawa, Y. Hashimoto, M. Tejima, T. Toyama
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
K. Hanamura
Mitsubishi Electric System & Service Co., Ltd, Tsukuba, Japan

Transverse beam profiles have been measured using flying wire monitors at the main ring of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex. The wire target should be thin and the wire scan has to be fast for the precise profile measurement. Otherwise the beam distribution would be disturbed and the measured profile would not be accurate. We use carbon fibers of 7 μm in diameter and the scan speed of 10 m/s. The wire is attached with an aluminum flame of 140 mm of the rotation radius and rotated with a DC servomotor. A potentiometer is attached to the wire flame and the angle readout is used for the feedback of the servomotor and the wire position measurement. The secondary particles from the beam-wire scattering are measured with a scintillation counter. Beam profiles are reconstructed by making the scatter plot of the scintillator signal and wire position. Both horizontal and vertical flying wire monitors have been used for the beam commissioning. We have successfully measured the beam profile of up to 1.2×10¹³ protons per bunch.

TUPB79

Use of Gafchromic Films to Measure the Transverse Intensity Distribution of a Large-area Ion Beam

ion, multipole, cyclotron, experiment

531

Y. Yuri, I. Ishibori, T. Ishizaka, A. Kitamura, S. Okumura, T. Yuyama
JAEA/TARRI, Gunma-ken, Japan
S. Sawada, T. Yamaki
JAEA/QuBS, Takasaki, Japan

In the TIARA AVF cyclotron facility of JAEA, it is necessary to evaluate the cross-sectional area and uniformity of a large-area uniform ion beam formed by multipole magnets both precisely and handily. A technique has, therefore, been developed to measure the two-dimensional transverse intensity distribution of the ion beam using Gafchromic radiochromic films (Ashland Inc.). In order to show available fluence ranges of the film, the coloring response of the Gafchromic films irradiated with several species of ion beams is investigated as a change in the optical density of the film. It has been found that the optical density increases linearly with the fluence, whose range is practical for materials and biological research. Thus, the relative transverse intensity distribution of ion beams can be measured using the film. Furthermore, the intensity distribution determined by the Gafchromic film is compared with the area-density distribution of track-etched pores in a polymer film from a microscopic viewpoint. It has been demonstrated that the beam uniformity obtained from the Gafchromic film is equivalent to the relative standard deviation of the microscopic pore distribution.