FEL2013 - List of Authors (Gaio, G.)

Paper

Title

Page

First Lasing of FERMI FEL-2

1

L. Giannessi, E. Allaria, D. Castronovo, P. Cinquegrana, G. D'Auria, M. Dal Forno, M.B. Danailov, G. De Ninno, A.A. Demidovich, S. Di Mitri, B. Diviacco, W.M. Fawley, M. Ferianis, E. Ferrari, L. Fröhlich, G. Gaio, R. Ivanov, B. Mahieu, N. Mahne, I. Nikolov, F. Parmigiani, G. Penco, L. Raimondi, C. Serpico, P. Sigalotti, C. Spezzani, M. Svandrlik, C. Svetina, M. Trovò, M. Veronese, D. Zangrando, M. Zangrando
Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
M. Dal Forno
DEEI, Trieste, Italy
G. De Ninno, D. Gauthier
University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
E. Ferrari, F. Parmigiani
Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
L. Giannessi
ENEA C.R. Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy
B. Mahieu
CEA/DSM/DRECAM/SPAM, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
M. Zangrando
IOM-CNR, Trieste, Italy

During the month of October 2012 the commissioning of the light source FEL-2 at FERMI was successfully concluded. Fermi FEL-2 is the first seeded FEL operating with a double stage cascade in the "fresh bunch injection" mode*. The two stages are two high gain harmonic generation FELs where the first stage is seeded by the 3rd harmonic of a Ti:Sa laser system, which is up converted to the 4th-6th harmonic. The output of the first stage is then used to seed the second stage. A final wavelengths of 10.8 nm was obtained as the 24th harmonic of the seed wavelength at the end of the two frequency conversion processes, demonstrating that the FEL is capable of producing single mode narrow bandwidth pulses with an energy of several tens of microjoules.
*I. Ben-Zvi, K. M. Yang, L. H. Yu, ”The ”fresh-bunch” technique in FELs”, NIM A 318 (1992), p 726-729

Slides MOOBNO01 [25.265 MB]

TUPSO01

Corrector Response Based Alignment at FERMI

205

M. Aiba, M. Böge
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
D. Castronovo, S. Di Mitri, L. Fröhlich, G. Gaio
Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy

The components of an FEL accelerator generally need to be beam-based aligned in order to meet the design performance. We are developing new technique, where dipole corrector responses are used instead of orbit difference measurements. When an orbit feedback is running, any change in beam orbit is compensated by the actuators, i.e., the dipole correctors. For example, the spurious dispersion through linac rf structures, which is a source of emittance degradation, is measured through orbit differences for various beam momenta in the conventional way while dipole corrector responses are examined in the new method. The advantages are localization of misalignments, stable measurement as the orbit is kept constant, and automatic averaging and beam jitter filtering by the feedback loop. Furthermore, this method potentially allows us to detect transverse wakefield kicks, which are also an emittance degradation source, by looking into the dipole corrector responses to a change in bunch charge or bunch length. The results from a series of machine development shifts will be presented.

WEPSO22

FERMI@Elettra Status Report

546

L. Giannessi, E. Allaria, F. Bencivenga, C. Callegari, F. Capotondi, D. Castronovo, P. Cinquegrana, P. Craievich, I. Cudin, G. D'Auria, M. Dal Forno, M.B. Danailov, R. De Monte, G. De Ninno, A.A. Demidovich, S. Di Mitri, B. Diviacco, A. Fabris, R. Fabris, W.M. Fawley, M. Ferianis, E. Ferrari, L. Fröhlich, P. Furlan Radivo, G. Gaio, M. Kiskinova, M. Lonza, B. Mahieu, N. Mahne, C. Masciovecchio, F. Parmigiani, G. Penco, M. Predonzani, E. Principi, L. Raimondi, F. Rossi, L. Rumiz, C. Scafuri, C. Serpico, P. Sigalotti, S. Spampinati, C. Spezzani, M. Svandrlik, C. Svetina, M. Trovò, A. Vascotto, M. Veronese, R. Visintini, D. Zangrando, M. Zangrando
Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
P. Craievich
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
L. Giannessi
ENEA C.R. Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy
B. Mahieu
CEA/DSM/DRECAM/SPAM, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

Funding: Work supported in part by the Italian Ministry of University and Research under grants FIRB-RBAP045JF2 and FIRB-RBAP06AWK3
In this paper we report about the status of FERMI, the seeded Free Electron Laser located at the Elettra laboratory in Trieste, Italy. The facility welcomed the first external users on FEL-1 between December 2012 and March 2013, operating at wavelengths between 65 and 20 nm. Variable polarization and tunability of the radiation wavelength were widely used. Photon energies attained up to 200 microJoule, depending on the grade of spectral purity requested and on the selected wavelength. Pump-probe experiments were performed, both by double FEL pulses obtained via double pulse seeding of the electron beam and by providing part of the seed laser to the experimental stations as user laser. The FEL-2 line, covering the lower wavelength range between 20 and 4 nm thanks to a double stage cascaded HGHG scheme, operating in the "fresh bunch injection” mode, generated its first coherent photons in October 2012 and has seen further progress during the commissioning phases in 2013, at higher electron beam energy. In fact we will also report on the linac energy increase to 1.5 GeV and on the repetition rate upgrade from 10 to 50 Hz and eventually comment on the FEL operability and uptime.

THIANO01

Double Stage Seeded FEL with Fresh Bunch Injection Technique at FERMI

723

E. Allaria, D. Castronovo, P. Cinquegrana, G. D'Auria, M. Dal Forno, M.B. Danailov, G. De Ninno, A.A. Demidovich, S. Di Mitri, B. Diviacco, W.M. Fawley, M. Ferianis, E. Ferrari, L. Fröhlich, G. Gaio, L. Giannessi, R. Ivanov, B. Mahieu, N. Mahne, I. Nikolov, F. Parmigiani, G. Penco, L. Raimondi, C. Serpico, P. Sigalotti, C. Spezzani, M. Svandrlik, C. Svetina, M. Trovò, M. Veronese, D. Zangrando, M. Zangrando
Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
M. Dal Forno
DEEI, Trieste, Italy
G. De Ninno, D. Gauthier
University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
E. Ferrari, F. Parmigiani
Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
L. Giannessi
ENEA C.R. Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy
B. Mahieu
CEA/DSM/DRECAM/SPAM, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
M. Zangrando
IOM-CNR, Trieste, Italy

Seeding a FEL with an external coherent source has been extensively studied in the last decades as it can provide a way to enhance the radiation brightness and stability, with respect to that available from SASE. An efficient scheme for seed a VUV-soft x ray FEL uses, a powerful, long wavelength external laser to induce on the electron beam coherent bunching at the harmonics of the laser wavelength. When the bunching is further amplified by FEL interaction in the radiator, the scheme is called high gain harmonic generation (HGHG). The need of high power seed sources and of small energy spread are at the main limits for a direct extension of the HGHG scheme to short wavelengths. The fresh bunch scheme was proposed as a way to overcome these limitations; the scheme foresees the FEL radiation produced by one HGHG stage as an external seed in a second HGHG stage. We report the latest results obtained at FERMI that uses the two-stage HGHG scheme for generation of FEL pulses in the soft x-ray. A characterization of the FEL performance in terms of power, bandwidth and stability is reported. Starting from the FERMI results we will discuss extension of the scheme toward shorter wavelengths.

Slides THIANO01 [9.355 MB]

Paper	Title	Page
MOOBNO01	First Lasing of FERMI FEL-2	1
	L. Giannessi, E. Allaria, D. Castronovo, P. Cinquegrana, G. D'Auria, M. Dal Forno, M.B. Danailov, G. De Ninno, A.A. Demidovich, S. Di Mitri, B. Diviacco, W.M. Fawley, M. Ferianis, E. Ferrari, L. Fröhlich, G. Gaio, R. Ivanov, B. Mahieu, N. Mahne, I. Nikolov, F. Parmigiani, G. Penco, L. Raimondi, C. Serpico, P. Sigalotti, C. Spezzani, M. Svandrlik, C. Svetina, M. Trovò, M. Veronese, D. Zangrando, M. Zangrando Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy M. Dal Forno DEEI, Trieste, Italy G. De Ninno, D. Gauthier University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia E. Ferrari, F. Parmigiani Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy L. Giannessi ENEA C.R. Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy B. Mahieu CEA/DSM/DRECAM/SPAM, Gif-sur-Yvette, France M. Zangrando IOM-CNR, Trieste, Italy
	During the month of October 2012 the commissioning of the light source FEL-2 at FERMI was successfully concluded. Fermi FEL-2 is the first seeded FEL operating with a double stage cascade in the "fresh bunch injection" mode. The two stages are two high gain harmonic generation FELs where the first stage is seeded by the 3rd harmonic of a Ti:Sa laser system, which is up converted to the 4th-6th harmonic. The output of the first stage is then used to seed the second stage. A final wavelengths of 10.8 nm was obtained as the 24th harmonic of the seed wavelength at the end of the two frequency conversion processes, demonstrating that the FEL is capable of producing single mode narrow bandwidth pulses with an energy of several tens of microjoules. I. Ben-Zvi, K. M. Yang, L. H. Yu, ”The ”fresh-bunch” technique in FELs”, NIM A 318 (1992), p 726-729
	Slides MOOBNO01 [25.265 MB]

TUPSO01	Corrector Response Based Alignment at FERMI	205
	M. Aiba, M. Böge PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland D. Castronovo, S. Di Mitri, L. Fröhlich, G. Gaio Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
	The components of an FEL accelerator generally need to be beam-based aligned in order to meet the design performance. We are developing new technique, where dipole corrector responses are used instead of orbit difference measurements. When an orbit feedback is running, any change in beam orbit is compensated by the actuators, i.e., the dipole correctors. For example, the spurious dispersion through linac rf structures, which is a source of emittance degradation, is measured through orbit differences for various beam momenta in the conventional way while dipole corrector responses are examined in the new method. The advantages are localization of misalignments, stable measurement as the orbit is kept constant, and automatic averaging and beam jitter filtering by the feedback loop. Furthermore, this method potentially allows us to detect transverse wakefield kicks, which are also an emittance degradation source, by looking into the dipole corrector responses to a change in bunch charge or bunch length. The results from a series of machine development shifts will be presented.

WEPSO22	FERMI@Elettra Status Report	546
	L. Giannessi, E. Allaria, F. Bencivenga, C. Callegari, F. Capotondi, D. Castronovo, P. Cinquegrana, P. Craievich, I. Cudin, G. D'Auria, M. Dal Forno, M.B. Danailov, R. De Monte, G. De Ninno, A.A. Demidovich, S. Di Mitri, B. Diviacco, A. Fabris, R. Fabris, W.M. Fawley, M. Ferianis, E. Ferrari, L. Fröhlich, P. Furlan Radivo, G. Gaio, M. Kiskinova, M. Lonza, B. Mahieu, N. Mahne, C. Masciovecchio, F. Parmigiani, G. Penco, M. Predonzani, E. Principi, L. Raimondi, F. Rossi, L. Rumiz, C. Scafuri, C. Serpico, P. Sigalotti, S. Spampinati, C. Spezzani, M. Svandrlik, C. Svetina, M. Trovò, A. Vascotto, M. Veronese, R. Visintini, D. Zangrando, M. Zangrando Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy P. Craievich PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland L. Giannessi ENEA C.R. Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy B. Mahieu CEA/DSM/DRECAM/SPAM, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
	Funding: Work supported in part by the Italian Ministry of University and Research under grants FIRB-RBAP045JF2 and FIRB-RBAP06AWK3 In this paper we report about the status of FERMI, the seeded Free Electron Laser located at the Elettra laboratory in Trieste, Italy. The facility welcomed the first external users on FEL-1 between December 2012 and March 2013, operating at wavelengths between 65 and 20 nm. Variable polarization and tunability of the radiation wavelength were widely used. Photon energies attained up to 200 microJoule, depending on the grade of spectral purity requested and on the selected wavelength. Pump-probe experiments were performed, both by double FEL pulses obtained via double pulse seeding of the electron beam and by providing part of the seed laser to the experimental stations as user laser. The FEL-2 line, covering the lower wavelength range between 20 and 4 nm thanks to a double stage cascaded HGHG scheme, operating in the "fresh bunch injection” mode, generated its first coherent photons in October 2012 and has seen further progress during the commissioning phases in 2013, at higher electron beam energy. In fact we will also report on the linac energy increase to 1.5 GeV and on the repetition rate upgrade from 10 to 50 Hz and eventually comment on the FEL operability and uptime.

THIANO01	Double Stage Seeded FEL with Fresh Bunch Injection Technique at FERMI	723
	E. Allaria, D. Castronovo, P. Cinquegrana, G. D'Auria, M. Dal Forno, M.B. Danailov, G. De Ninno, A.A. Demidovich, S. Di Mitri, B. Diviacco, W.M. Fawley, M. Ferianis, E. Ferrari, L. Fröhlich, G. Gaio, L. Giannessi, R. Ivanov, B. Mahieu, N. Mahne, I. Nikolov, F. Parmigiani, G. Penco, L. Raimondi, C. Serpico, P. Sigalotti, C. Spezzani, M. Svandrlik, C. Svetina, M. Trovò, M. Veronese, D. Zangrando, M. Zangrando Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy M. Dal Forno DEEI, Trieste, Italy G. De Ninno, D. Gauthier University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia E. Ferrari, F. Parmigiani Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy L. Giannessi ENEA C.R. Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy B. Mahieu CEA/DSM/DRECAM/SPAM, Gif-sur-Yvette, France M. Zangrando IOM-CNR, Trieste, Italy
	Seeding a FEL with an external coherent source has been extensively studied in the last decades as it can provide a way to enhance the radiation brightness and stability, with respect to that available from SASE. An efficient scheme for seed a VUV-soft x ray FEL uses, a powerful, long wavelength external laser to induce on the electron beam coherent bunching at the harmonics of the laser wavelength. When the bunching is further amplified by FEL interaction in the radiator, the scheme is called high gain harmonic generation (HGHG). The need of high power seed sources and of small energy spread are at the main limits for a direct extension of the HGHG scheme to short wavelengths. The fresh bunch scheme was proposed as a way to overcome these limitations; the scheme foresees the FEL radiation produced by one HGHG stage as an external seed in a second HGHG stage. We report the latest results obtained at FERMI that uses the two-stage HGHG scheme for generation of FEL pulses in the soft x-ray. A characterization of the FEL performance in terms of power, bandwidth and stability is reported. Starting from the FERMI results we will discuss extension of the scheme toward shorter wavelengths.
	Slides THIANO01 [9.355 MB]