SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
MIT/PSFC, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
We will preliminary testing results for single-cell accelerating structures intended for high-gradient testing at 110 GHz. The purpose of this work is to study the basic physics of ultrahigh vacuum RF breakdown in high-gradient RF accelerators. The accelerating structures consist of pi-mode standing-wave cavities fed with TM01 circular waveguide mode. We fabricated of two structures one in copper and the other in CuAg alloy. Cold RF tests confirm the design RF performance of the structures. The geometry and field shape of these accelerating structures is as close as practical to single-cell standing-wave X-band accelerating structures more than 40 of which were tested at SLAC. This wealth of X-band data will serve as a baseline for these 110 GHz tests. The structures will be powered with a MW gyrotron oscillator that produces microsecond pulses. One megawatt of RF power from the gyrotron may allow us to reach a peak accelerating gradient of 400 MeV/m.
MIT/PSFC, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
We report a study of internal dark current generation by multipactor inside a 17 GHz single cell standing wave disk-loaded waveguide accelerator structure. The multipactor takes place on the side wall of the central cell, driven by the local rf electric and magnetic fields. Theory indicates that a resonant multipactor mode with two rf cycles can be excited near 45 MV/m gradient and a single rf cycle multipactor mode near 60 MV/m. The accelerator structure had two thin slits opened on the side wall of the central cell to directly extract and measure the internal dark current. The dark current was measured as a function of the gradient up to a gradient of 70 MV/m. The experimental results agreed well with theory, showing the two predicted multipactor modes. To further study the effect of the central cell side wall surface properties on the structure performance, we prepared and tested a second structure with the central cell side wall coated with a layer of diamond-like carbon. The comparison of the results showed that the coating reduced the internal dark current and thus enhanced the structure performance considerably.
MIT/PSFC, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
We present the design and experimental operation on an X-band metamaterial (MTM) wagon wheel structure for wakefield acceleration. The structure was designed and fabricated at MIT, and tested at the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator (AWA) laboratory at Argonne National Lab. The MTM wagon wheel structure is an all-metal periodic structure at 11.4 GHz. The fundamental TM mode has a negative group velocity, so when an electron beam travels through, energy is extracted from the beam by reversed Cherenkov radiation, which was verified in the experiment. Single bunches up to 45 nC were sent through the structure with a beam aperture of 6 mm and generated microwave power up to 25 MW in a 2 ns pulse, in agreement with both the analytical wakefield theory and the numerical CST simulations. Two bunches with a total charge of 85 nC generated 80 MW of microwave power. The structure is scalable to a power extractor of over 1 GW by increasing the structure length from 8 cm to 22 cm.
MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
MIT/PSFC, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA