GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
FSU Jena, Jena, Germany
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
IPHT, Jena, Germany
IOQ, Jena, Germany
HIJ, Jena, Germany
Supracon AG, Jena, Germany
The Cryogenic Current Comparator (CCC) extends the measurement range of traditional non-destructive current monitors used in accelerator beamlines down to a few nano-amperes of direct beam current. This is achieved by a cryogenic environment of liquid helium around the beamline, in which the beam’s magnetic field is measured with a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID), which is itself enclosed in a superconducting shielding structure. For this purpose, a versatile UHV-beamline cryostat was designed for the CCCs at FAIR and is currently in production. It is built for long-term autonomous operation with a closed helium re-liquefaction cycle and with good access to all inner components. The design is supported by simulations of the cryostat’s mechanical eigenmodes to minimize the excitation by vibrations in an accelerator environment. A prototype at GSI has demonstrated the self-contained cryogenic operation in combination with a 15 l/day re-liquefier. The cryostat will be used in CRYRING to compare the FAIR-CCC-X with newly developed CCC-types for 150 mm beamlines. Both which will supply a nA current reading during commissioning and for the experiments.
HIJ, Jena, Germany
IPHT, Jena, Germany
TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
FSU Jena, Jena, Germany
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
IOQ, Jena, Germany
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
Supracon AG, Jena, Germany
The non-destructive and highly sensitive measurement of a charged particle beam is of utmost importance for modern particle accelerator facilities. A Cryogenic Current Comparator (CCC) can be used to measure beam currents in the nA-range. Therein, charged particles passing through a superconducting toroid induce screening currents at the surface of the toroid, which are measured via SQUIDs. Classical CCC beam monitors make use of a high magnetic permeability core as a flux-concentrator for the pickup coil. The core increases the pickup inductance and thus coupling to the beam, but unfortunately also raises low-frequency noise and thermal drift. In the new concept from the Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology the Coreless Cryogenic Current Comparator (4C) completely omits this core and instead uses highly sensitive SQUIDs featuring sub-micron cross-type Josephson tunnel junctions. Combined with a new shielding geometry a compact and comparably lightweight design has been developed, which exhibits a current sensitivity of about 6 pA/sqrt(Hz) in the white noise region and a measured shielding factor of about 134 dB*.
* V. Zakosarenko et al., Coreless SQUID-based cryogenic current comparator for non-destructive intensity diagnostics of charged particle beams, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 32 (2019) 014002.
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
I-Tech, Solkan, Slovenia
The SIS18 synchrotron of GSI will be used as a booster ring for the SIS100 synchrotron built in the scope of the FAIR project. In order to preserve the beam quality during the whole acceleration ramp, a new closed orbit feedback (COFB) system is implemented at the SIS18 which operates with the existing BPMs and steerer magnets. The system aims for a bandwidth of several 100 Hz and robustness against the variation of the response matrix and the beam rigidity during the ramp. The architecture of the system and the results of the first beam-based test of the COFB hardware are presented. As a first step, the orbit correction is performed over the entire ramp using the response matrix corresponding to injection energy only taking the beam rigidity into account. Experimental observations of the bandwidth limitations arising from the temporal delay of the steerer power supplies and the spatial model variation during the ramp are compared with simulations. It is found that the temporal and the spatial model mismatch have similar effect on the achievable bandwidth of the COFB.
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany