JACoW is a publisher in Geneva, Switzerland that publishes the proceedings of accelerator conferences held around the world by an international collaboration of editors.
@inproceedings{sun:srf2021-thptev004,
author = {Z. Sun and T. Arias and Z. Baraissov and C. Dukes and D. Johnson-McDaniel and M. Liepe and D.A. Muller and T.E. Oseroff and R.D. Porter and M. Salim and N. Sitaraman},
% author = {Z. Sun and T. Arias and Z. Baraissov and C. Dukes and D. Johnson-McDaniel and M. Liepe and others},
% author = {Z. Sun and others},
title = {{Surface Oxides on Nb and Nb₃Sn Surfaces: Toward a Deeper Understanding}},
booktitle = {Proc. SRF'21},
% booktitle = {Proc. 20th International Conference on RF Superconductivity (SRF'21)},
pages = {836--840},
eid = {THPTEV004},
language = {english},
keywords = {SRF, niobium, cavity, superconductivity, electron},
venue = {East Lansing, MI, USA},
series = {International Conference on RF Superconductivity},
number = {20},
publisher = {JACoW Publishing, Geneva, Switzerland},
month = {10},
year = {2022},
issn = {2673-5504},
isbn = {978-3-95450-233-2},
doi = {10.18429/JACoW-SRF2021-THPTEV004},
url = {https://jacow.org/srf2021/papers/thptev004.pdf},
abstract = {{Surface oxides on Nb and Nb₃Sn SRF cavities, as a thin ’dirty’ layer, could be critical to their performance as suggested by recent theory. Although these oxides have been studied in the past, we intend here to provide a deeper understanding based on a systematic study on coupon samples that have been processed under the different conditions currently used in SRF cavity treatments. Our aim is to obtain a more complete picture of the oxide evolution. This then might help to explain the observed cavity performance variation, and might allow designing a process to achieve a designed, optimized surface with controlled oxides types and thickness. We find that the surface oxides are in amorphous phase that exhibits normal conducting behaviors, while the pentoxide further degrades with time. Also, we observed a thin hydroxide layer on the outermost surface and possibly Nb(OH)x motifs in the bulk. Moreover, distinctive oxide structures were found in Nb₃Sn samples from vapor diffusion, electroplating, and sputtering. The semiconducting SnOx appeared through the oxide depth in vapor diffused Nb₃Sn, while a ~1 nm SnOx layer merely exists at the outermost surface of electroplated Nb₃Sn.}},
}