We are developing a compact synchrotron light source using laser electron acceleration, focusing on creating a tabletop accelerator-based radiation system. Our approach involves a small ring-type dipole with block-shaped permanent magnets, prioritizing cost and weight reduction. Simple beam dynamic calculations revealed that a smaller electron beam divergence angle results in a more stable orbit and the field modulation of peak magnetic strength improves the stability without the additional quadrupoles. CST simulations shows that the magnetic field of the ring-type dipole includes the field modulation of peak magnetic strength along the orbit due to shape changes. The injection to the ring-type dipole is the one of the issues to be solved for a compact light source. In this paper, we present the studies on designing and optimizing the ring-type dipole including the injection of electron beam and the extraction of dipole radiation.

Currently, radiofrequency (RF) power to the Argonne Advanced Photon Source (APS) storage ring and Booster cavities is provided by several klystrons. APS is in the process of replacing the storage ring klystrons with clusters of 160 kW solid state amplifier (SSA) gradually. It is required to keep most of the existing equipment racks, klystrons and cable trays for smooth operation and transition until the SSA upgrade commissioning. The replaced klystrons may be kept for future RF power backup to the sectors waiting for SSA upgrade. The following post challenges to the waveguide installation: confined space of the waveguide lines removal and installation, finding space for additional new equipment racks, SSA racks, power combiners, AC power distribution, water cooling systems and new cable trays. The goal of this study is to generate a new waveguide layout design with enough space clearance for installation, operation, repairing of SSA plus AC distribution, water cooling system and all safety requirements. This work presents the study of waveguide lines layout modification for storage ring cavities and the result of this study will be a guideline of waveguide construction for APS storage ring SSA upgrade as well as the installation of the system. A discussion of waveguide combiner vs. coax combiner is also presented.

With the recently implemented lattice tool LOCOM, which combines the precision of LOCO as well as the speed of multi-frequency AC-LOCO, it takes only a few minutes for the NSLS-II lattice measurement and correction of both linear optics and coupling. Besides, LOCOM can be applied to characterize linear optics at the extremely high chromaticity condition, thus, greatly speeding up the development of a new operational mode with x/y chromaticity of +10/+10. The high chromaticity lattice could potentially enable a reliable operation of the storage ring with high single-bunch current. Moreover, to characterize the errors of chromatic sextupoles with high precision, we are in the process of implementing the NOECO based on the LOCOM method. Preliminary simulation study indicates that 1-2% precision can be achieved for the calibration of chromatic sextupole errors. If such high accuracy can be achieved, it could potentially help in resolving some long-standing challenges of NSLS-II, e.g., the discrepancy between the designed and measured tune shift with amplitude. Finally, to have an independent crosscheck, we have implemented the TBT based ICA NOECO method with a confirmed 2% accuracy.

The “Dark Period” (DP), that is the final shutdown for the Elettra Storage Ring (SR) with its ancillary equipment and most of its beamlines, is scheduled to start on July 2nd, 2025. During the DP we will remove the complete SR lattice structure with annexed cabling, piping, and supports; the Service Area, where most of the equipment to operate the SR is installed, will be completely renovated; the majority of the photon beamlines will be removed, moved, updated or “brand-new” installed, causing the reconfiguration of a large part of the outer wall of the SR tunnel. Several activities are running in order to reduce the Removal and Installation (R&I) workload – already quite significant – during the DP. These activities are mostly related to the beamlines in the Experimental Hall and some shielding wall reconfiguration. The paper summarizes the most relevant activities done in preparation to the DP, with focus also on the logistics aspects related to the installation of a new machine while removing the old one (Elettra) being very closed to another operating one (FERMI).

We are developing a compact synchrotron light source using laser electron acceleration, focusing on creating a tabletop accelerator-based radiation system. Our approach involves a small ring-type dipole with block-shaped permanent magnets, prioritizing cost and weight reduction. Simple beam dynamic calculations revealed that a smaller electron beam divergence angle results in a more stable orbit and the field modulation of peak magnetic strength improves the stability without the additional quadrupoles. CST simulations shows that the magnetic field of the ring-type dipole includes the field modulation of peak magnetic strength along the orbit due to shape changes. The injection to the ring-type dipole is the one of the issues to be solved for a compact light source. In this paper, we present the studies on designing and optimizing the ring-type dipole including the injection of electron beam and the extraction of dipole radiation.

High Energy Density Physics (HEDP) is mostly related to charged particle beams, lasers, and plasma systems. Most of the available charged particle beam systems are either of low energies (keV scale, for example, medical x-rays) or of very high energies (>GeV, for example, SLAC accelerators, CERN for fundamental research). We need MeV energy scale accelerators to study the Bragg peaks of materials and for many other reasons, such as x-ray imaging of materials, medical isotopic production, dynamic structure analysis, plasma behavior studies, plasticity tests for drinking and ocean water, and more. To generate high-energy primary e-beams, an RF accelerator or induction accelerator is first to be considered, which are well known to the accelerator and beam physics communities. But RF accelerators have the limitation of acceleration in the range of several hundred micro-ampere-level currents. The induction accelerator can transport kA-level current, but the pulse duration is compressed to a nanosecond scale. We will review the performance of known medium-energy accelerators in search of their applications, high current (mA), and long pulse (ms) capability.

Jinhua light source (JHLS) is a synchrotron radiation facility with the aim of the increasing requirement of user demands for industrial applications. The lattice contains 16 super-periods in order to accommodate different end users for experiments. The circumference is less than 240 m, and the natural emittance is less than 10 nm∙rad at 2.6 GeV. In this paper, we present a modified Triple Bend Achromat (TBA) lattice as the preliminary design for the JHLS storage ring. The ‘sandwich’ longitudinal gradient bends and horizontal defocusing bends are introduced into lattice in order to decrease the natural emittance. The detail design is reported in this paper.

Hefei Light Source (HLS) is a small and compact synchrotron light source with an electron beam energy of 800 MeV and a circumference of 66.13 m. The storage ring lattice adopts the Double-Bend Achromat (DBA) structure with 4 super periods. Considering the future upgrade of the injection system by using a nonlinear kicker (NLK), we optimize the dynamic performance of the storage ring. The optimization mainly aims at increase the dynamic aperture and beam lifetime, which helps improve the injection efficiency for the new injection scheme. While keeping the current layout of the lattice, the linear optics is also modified in order to improve its nonlinear performance. In this paper, we represent our work on the optimization of the HLS-II storage ring.

Hefei advanced light facility (HALF) is a fourth-generation light source under construction. Its storage ring is a diffraction-limited one with an energy of 2.2 GeV and an extremely low emittance of less than 100 pm·rad. The real storage ring is different from the ideal lattice due to various kinds of errors. Those errors come from many sources, like misalignment of components, imperfect magnetic fields, RF cavity, etc. Due to the strong nonlinear nature and small dynamic aperture of the HALF storage ring, those errors significantly increase the difficulty of its commissioning. To figure out the practical performance of the lattice with those errors, a start-to-end commission simulation is performed in this study, which also helps to generate effective commissioning process for the HALF storage ring.