The future AMBER experiment aims to measure the inner structure and the excitation spectra of kaons with a high intensity kaon beam at the CERN secondary beam line M2. One way to identify the small fraction of kaons in the available beam is tagging with the help of differential Cherenkov detectors (CEDARs), whose detection efficiency depends critically on the beam parallelism. In the framework of the Conventional Beams Working Group of the Physics Beyond Colliders Initiative at CERN, several possible improvements of the conventional beam optics have been studied, trying to achieve a better parallelism, investigating especially the reduction of multiple scattering. Additionally, with the aim of increasing the Kaon purity of the beam, a Radio-Frequency separation technique has been also studied. This method exploits the differences in velocity due to the particle mass in the beam, kicking out unwanted particles with the help of two RF cavities. The limitations posed by the beam line for intensity and purity will be presented along with preliminary results of the potential purity and intensity reach of the RF-separated beam. Finally, the RF-separated beam is compared with the conventional hadron beam in terms of potential physics reach.

The SHADOWS experiment is a proposed beam dump experiment in the CERN North Area, aiming to search for feebly interacting particles (FIPs) created in 400 GeV/c proton interactions. Due to its intended off-axis location alongside the K12 beam line, the SHADOWS detector can be placed potentially very close to the dump, enabling it to look for FIPs in non-covered parts of the parameter space. To guarantee a good quality of a potential signal, it is crucial to reduce any backgrounds of Standard Model particles as much as possible. The dominant background downstream the beam dump is caused by muons. This gives rise to introducing a dedicated muon sweeping system consisting of magnetised iron blocks (MIBs) to actively mitigate this background component. We present the conceptional design studies in the framework of the Conventional Beams Working Group of the Physics Beyond Colliders Initiative at CERN.

The future AMBER experiment aims to measure the inner structure and the excitation spectra of kaons with a high intensity kaon beam at the CERN secondary beam line M2. One way to identify the small fraction of kaons in the available beam is tagging with the help of differential Cherenkov detectors (CEDARs), whose detection efficiency depends critically on the beam parallelism. In the framework of the Conventional Beams Working Group of the Physics Beyond Colliders Initiative at CERN, several possible improvements of the conventional beam optics have been studied, trying to achieve a better parallelism, investigating especially the reduction of multiple scattering. Additionally, with the aim of increasing the Kaon purity of the beam, a Radio-Frequency separation technique has been also studied. This method exploits the differences in velocity due to the particle mass in the beam, kicking out unwanted particles with the help of two RF cavities. The limitations posed by the beam line for intensity and purity will be presented along with preliminary results of the potential purity and intensity reach of the RF-separated beam. Finally, the RF-separated beam is compared with the conventional hadron beam in terms of potential physics reach.

The K12 beam line and NA62 experiment in the North Area at CERN in beam dump mode exploits the interactions of 400 GeV protons with a movable dump-collimator, the so-called XTAX. Such interactions are theorised to generate potential light dark matter candidates such as the axion. Any rare process search requires precise knowledge and experimental reduction of the predominant muon background. A previous examination has been performed successfully, involving tuning the magnetic fields of the first achromat in K12. This contribution aims to explore further improvements using similar methods on the second achromat in the same K12 beam line, using BDSIM simulation software.