IPAC2022 - List of Authors (Angoletta, M.E.)

Paper	Title	Page
TUOZGD2	A Compact Synchrotron for Advanced Cancer Therapy with Helium and Proton Beams	811
THPOMS021	use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code
	M. Vretenar, M.E. Angoletta, J.C.C.M. Borburgh, L. Bottura, K. Paļskis, R.L. Taylor, G. Tranquille CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland E. Benedetto SEEIIST, Geneva, Switzerland G. Bisoffi INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy M. Sapinski PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	Recent years have seen an increased interest in the use of helium for radiation therapy of cancer. Helium ions can be more precisely delivered to the tumour than protons or carbon ions, presently the only beams licensed for treatment, with a biological effectiveness between the two. The accelerator required for helium is considerably smaller than a standard carbon ion synchrotron. To exploit the potential of helium therapy and of other emerging particle therapy techniques, in the framework of the Next Ion Medical Machine Study (NIMMS) at CERN the design of a compact synchrotron optimised for acceleration of proton and helium beams has been investigated. The synchrotron is based on a new magnet design, profits from a novel injector linac, and can provide both slow and fast extraction for conventional and FLASH therapy. Production of mini-beams, and operation with multiple ions for imaging and treatment are also considered. This accelerator is intended to become the main element of a facility devoted to a programme of cancer research and treatment with proton and helium beams, to both cure patients and contribute to the assessment of helium beams as a new tool to fight cancer.
	Slides TUOZGD2 [1.940 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUOZGD2
About •	Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 11 July 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPOST024	A New Beam Loading Compensation and Blowup Control System Using Multi-Harmonic Digital Feedback Loops in the CERN Proton Synchrotron Booster	907
	D. Barrientos, S.C.P. Albright, M.E. Angoletta, A. Findlay, M. Jaussi, J.C. Molendijk CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	As part of the LHC Injectors Upgrade, the CERN Proton Synchrotron Booster (PSB) has been upgraded with new wide-band Finemet cavities and a renovated Low-Level Radio Frequency system with digital cavity controllers implemented in FPGAs. Each controller synchronously receives the computed revolution frequency, used to generate 16 harmonic references. These are then used to IQ demodulate the voltage gap and modulate the 16 RF drive signals each controlled through a Cartesian feedback loop (with individual voltage and phase control). The sum of these digital drive signals is then sent to the cavities. In addition, a configurable blow-up system providing a sinusoidal or custom noise pattern can be used to excite the beam. An embedded network analyzer allows studying the stability of the feedback loops of the individual harmonics. The 16 harmonic feedback loops have been successfully operated during 2021, allowing to reduce the beam induced voltage and control the longitudinal emittance of the beam. In this paper we present the system architecture as well as the performance of the complete cavity controller during operation in the PSB.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOST024
About •	Received ※ 23 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 28 June 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPOST025	Beam Commissioning of the New Digital Low-Level RF System for CERN’s AD	911
	M.E. Angoletta, S.C.P. Albright, D. Barrientos, A. Findlay, M. Jaussi, A. Rey, M. Sumiński CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	CERN’s Antiproton Decelerator (AD) has been re-furbished to provide reliable operation for the Extra Low ENergy Antiproton ring (ELENA). In particular, AD was equipped with a new digital Low-Level RF (LLRF) system that was successfully commissioned during the summer 2021. The new AD LLRF system has routinely captured and decelerated more than 3·10⁷ antiprotons from 3.5 GeV/c to 100 MeV/c in successive steps, referred to as RF segments, interleaved by cooling periods. The LLRF system implements the frequency program from Btrain data received over optical fiber. Beam phase/radial and cavity amplitude/phase feedback loops are operated during each RF segment. An extraction synchronization loop is triggered on the extraction RF segment to transfer a single bunch of antiprotons to ELENA. Extensive diagnostics features are available and operational modes such as bunched beam cooling and bunch rotation have been successfully deployed. The LLRF parameters can be different for each RF segment and are controlled by a dedicated application. This paper gives an overview of the AD LLRF beam commissioning results obtained and challenges overcome. Hints on future steps are also provided.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOST025
About •	Received ※ 25 May 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 17 June 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEIYGD1	Achievements and Performance Prospects of the Upgraded LHC Injectors	1610
	V. Kain, S.C.P. Albright, R. Alemany-Fernández, M.E. Angoletta, F. Antoniou, T. Argyropoulos, F. Asvesta, B. Balhan, M.J. Barnes, D. Barrientos, H. Bartosik, P. Baudrenghien, G. Bellodi, N. Biancacci, A. Boccardi, J.C.C.M. Borburgh, C. Bracco, E. Carlier, D.G. Cotte, J. Coupard, H. Damerau, G.P. Di Giovanni, A. Findlay, M.A. Fraser, A. Funken, B. Goddard, G. Hagmann, K. Hanke, A. Huschauer, M. Jaussi, I. Karpov, T. Koevener, D. Küchler, J.-B. Lallement, A. Lasheen, T.E. Levens, K.S.B. Li, A.M. Lombardi, N. Madysa, E. Mahner, M. Meddahi, L. Mether, B. Mikulec, J.C. Molendijk, E. Montesinos, D. Nisbet, F.-X. Nuiry, G. Papotti, K. Paraschou, F. Pedrosa, T. Prebibaj, S. Prodon, D. Quartullo, E. Renner, F. Roncarolo, G. Rumolo, B. Salvant, M. Schenk, R. Scrivens, E.N. Shaposhnikova, P.K. Skowroński, A. Spierer, F. Tecker, D. Valuch, F.M. Velotti, R. Wegner, C. Zannini CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	To provide HL-LHC performance, the CERN LHC injector chain underwent a major upgrade during an almost 2-year-long shutdown. In the first half of 2021 the injectors were gradually re-started with the aim to reach at least pre-shutdown parameters for LHC as well as for fixed target beams. The strategy of the commissioning across the complex, a summary of the many challenges and finally the achievements will be presented. Several lessons were learned and have been integrated to define the strategy for the performance ramp-up over the coming years. Remaining limitations and prospects for LHC beam parameters at the exit of the LHC injector chain in the years to come will be discussed. Finally, the emerging need for improved operability of the CERN complex will be addressed, with a description of the first efforts to meet the availability and flexibility requirements of the HL-LHC era while at the same time maximizing fixed target physics output.
	Slides WEIYGD1 [5.905 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEIYGD1
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 09 July 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPOPT055	Linac3, LEIR and PS Performance with Ions in 2021 and Prospects for 2022	1983
	N. Biancacci, S.C.P. Albright, R. Alemany-Fernández, D. Alves, M.E. Angoletta, D. Barrientos, H. Bartosik, G. Bellodi, S.B. Bertolo, D. Bodart, M. Bozzolan, H. Damerau, F.D.L. Di Lorenzo, A. Frassier, D. Gamba, A. Huschauer, S. Jensen, V. Kain, T. Koevener, G. Kotzian, D. Küchler, A. Lasheen, G. Le Godec, T.E. Levens, N. Madysa, E. Mahner, O. Marqversen, C.M. Mastrostefano, P.D. Meruga, C. Mutin, M. O’Neil, G. Piccinini, R. Scrivens, P.S. Solvang, D. Valuch, F.M. Velotti, R. Wegner, C. Wetton, M. Zampetakis CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	CERN accelerators underwent a period of long shutdown from the end of 2018 to 2020. During this time frame, significant hardware and software upgrades have been put in place to increase the performance of both proton and ion accelerator chains in the High Luminosity LHC era. In the context of the CERN lead ion chain, 2021 has been mainly devoted to restore the injectors’ performance and to successfully prove the slip-stacking technique in SPS. In this paper we summarise the key milestones of the ion beam commissioning and the achieved beam performance for the Linac 3 (including the source), LEIR and PS accelerators, together with an outlook on 2022 operation.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT055
About •	Received ※ 03 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 17 June 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPOTK012	Commissioning the New LLRF System of the CERN PS Booster	2060
	S.C.P. Albright, M.E. Angoletta, D. Barrientos, A. Findlay, M. Jaussi, J.C. Molendijk CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	The PS Booster (PSB) is the first synchrotron in the injection chain for protons. The beams produced for the LHC and various fixed target experiments cover a very large parameter space. Over the Long Shutdown 2 (LS2), the PSB was heavily upgraded as part of the LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) project. The low-level RF systems now drive the new Finemet-loaded cavities, control RF synchronisation for the new injection mechanism, and cope with the increased injection and extraction energies. The Finemet cavities provide exceptional flexibility, allowing an arbitrary distribution of voltage at different revolution frequency harmonics, but at the cost of significant broadband impedance. The new injection mechanism allows bunch-to-bucket multi-turn injection, which significantly reduces the amount of beam loss at the start of the cycle. The longitudinal beam production schema for each beam-type was developed based on simulations during LS2, and then adapted during the setting-up phase to suit the final operational configuration. This paper discusses the commissioning of the new LLRF, and the consequences of the LIU upgrades on the production of various beams.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK012
About •	Received ※ 25 May 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 07 July 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPOTK013	Direct Impedance Measurement of the CERN PS Booster Finemet Cavities	2064
	S.C.P. Albright, M.E. Angoletta, D. Barrientos, A. Findlay, M. Jaussi, J.C. Molendijk CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	Over CERN’s Long Shutdown 2, the conventional ferrite-loaded cavities of the PS Booster were replaced with wide-band Finemet-loaded cavities. The Finemet cavities bring many operational advantages, but also represent a significant broadband impedance source. The impedance is mitigated by servo loops, which suppress the induced voltage, reducing the impedance as seen by the beam. Accurately including the impedance of the cavity and the effect of the servoloops in longitudinal tracking simulations is essential to predict the performance with beam. This paper discusses the results of a measurement campaign, which is intended to give a direct measurement of the cavity impedance. Using the detected voltage and the measured beam profile, the cavity impedance can be inferred and used to improve beam dynamics modelling.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK013
About •	Received ※ 26 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 July 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Page

TUOZGD2

A Compact Synchrotron for Advanced Cancer Therapy with Helium and Proton Beams

811

THPOMS021

use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code

M. Vretenar, M.E. Angoletta, J.C.C.M. Borburgh, L. Bottura, K. Paļskis, R.L. Taylor, G. Tranquille
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
E. Benedetto
SEEIIST, Geneva, Switzerland
G. Bisoffi
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
M. Sapinski
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

Recent years have seen an increased interest in the use of helium for radiation therapy of cancer. Helium ions can be more precisely delivered to the tumour than protons or carbon ions, presently the only beams licensed for treatment, with a biological effectiveness between the two. The accelerator required for helium is considerably smaller than a standard carbon ion synchrotron. To exploit the potential of helium therapy and of other emerging particle therapy techniques, in the framework of the Next Ion Medical Machine Study (NIMMS) at CERN the design of a compact synchrotron optimised for acceleration of proton and helium beams has been investigated. The synchrotron is based on a new magnet design, profits from a novel injector linac, and can provide both slow and fast extraction for conventional and FLASH therapy. Production of mini-beams, and operation with multiple ions for imaging and treatment are also considered. This accelerator is intended to become the main element of a facility devoted to a programme of cancer research and treatment with proton and helium beams, to both cure patients and contribute to the assessment of helium beams as a new tool to fight cancer.

Slides TUOZGD2 [1.940 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUOZGD2

About •

Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 11 July 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPOST024

A New Beam Loading Compensation and Blowup Control System Using Multi-Harmonic Digital Feedback Loops in the CERN Proton Synchrotron Booster

907

D. Barrientos, S.C.P. Albright, M.E. Angoletta, A. Findlay, M. Jaussi, J.C. Molendijk
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

As part of the LHC Injectors Upgrade, the CERN Proton Synchrotron Booster (PSB) has been upgraded with new wide-band Finemet cavities and a renovated Low-Level Radio Frequency system with digital cavity controllers implemented in FPGAs. Each controller synchronously receives the computed revolution frequency, used to generate 16 harmonic references. These are then used to IQ demodulate the voltage gap and modulate the 16 RF drive signals each controlled through a Cartesian feedback loop (with individual voltage and phase control). The sum of these digital drive signals is then sent to the cavities. In addition, a configurable blow-up system providing a sinusoidal or custom noise pattern can be used to excite the beam. An embedded network analyzer allows studying the stability of the feedback loops of the individual harmonics. The 16 harmonic feedback loops have been successfully operated during 2021, allowing to reduce the beam induced voltage and control the longitudinal emittance of the beam. In this paper we present the system architecture as well as the performance of the complete cavity controller during operation in the PSB.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOST024

About •

Received ※ 23 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 28 June 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPOST025

Beam Commissioning of the New Digital Low-Level RF System for CERN’s AD

911

M.E. Angoletta, S.C.P. Albright, D. Barrientos, A. Findlay, M. Jaussi, A. Rey, M. Sumiński
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

CERN’s Antiproton Decelerator (AD) has been re-furbished to provide reliable operation for the Extra Low ENergy Antiproton ring (ELENA). In particular, AD was equipped with a new digital Low-Level RF (LLRF) system that was successfully commissioned during the summer 2021. The new AD LLRF system has routinely captured and decelerated more than 3·10⁷ antiprotons from 3.5 GeV/c to 100 MeV/c in successive steps, referred to as RF segments, interleaved by cooling periods. The LLRF system implements the frequency program from Btrain data received over optical fiber. Beam phase/radial and cavity amplitude/phase feedback loops are operated during each RF segment. An extraction synchronization loop is triggered on the extraction RF segment to transfer a single bunch of antiprotons to ELENA. Extensive diagnostics features are available and operational modes such as bunched beam cooling and bunch rotation have been successfully deployed. The LLRF parameters can be different for each RF segment and are controlled by a dedicated application. This paper gives an overview of the AD LLRF beam commissioning results obtained and challenges overcome. Hints on future steps are also provided.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOST025

About •

Received ※ 25 May 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 17 June 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEIYGD1

Achievements and Performance Prospects of the Upgraded LHC Injectors

1610

V. Kain, S.C.P. Albright, R. Alemany-Fernández, M.E. Angoletta, F. Antoniou, T. Argyropoulos, F. Asvesta, B. Balhan, M.J. Barnes, D. Barrientos, H. Bartosik, P. Baudrenghien, G. Bellodi, N. Biancacci, A. Boccardi, J.C.C.M. Borburgh, C. Bracco, E. Carlier, D.G. Cotte, J. Coupard, H. Damerau, G.P. Di Giovanni, A. Findlay, M.A. Fraser, A. Funken, B. Goddard, G. Hagmann, K. Hanke, A. Huschauer, M. Jaussi, I. Karpov, T. Koevener, D. Küchler, J.-B. Lallement, A. Lasheen, T.E. Levens, K.S.B. Li, A.M. Lombardi, N. Madysa, E. Mahner, M. Meddahi, L. Mether, B. Mikulec, J.C. Molendijk, E. Montesinos, D. Nisbet, F.-X. Nuiry, G. Papotti, K. Paraschou, F. Pedrosa, T. Prebibaj, S. Prodon, D. Quartullo, E. Renner, F. Roncarolo, G. Rumolo, B. Salvant, M. Schenk, R. Scrivens, E.N. Shaposhnikova, P.K. Skowroński, A. Spierer, F. Tecker, D. Valuch, F.M. Velotti, R. Wegner, C. Zannini
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

To provide HL-LHC performance, the CERN LHC injector chain underwent a major upgrade during an almost 2-year-long shutdown. In the first half of 2021 the injectors were gradually re-started with the aim to reach at least pre-shutdown parameters for LHC as well as for fixed target beams. The strategy of the commissioning across the complex, a summary of the many challenges and finally the achievements will be presented. Several lessons were learned and have been integrated to define the strategy for the performance ramp-up over the coming years. Remaining limitations and prospects for LHC beam parameters at the exit of the LHC injector chain in the years to come will be discussed. Finally, the emerging need for improved operability of the CERN complex will be addressed, with a description of the first efforts to meet the availability and flexibility requirements of the HL-LHC era while at the same time maximizing fixed target physics output.

Slides WEIYGD1 [5.905 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEIYGD1

About •

Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 09 July 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPOPT055

Linac3, LEIR and PS Performance with Ions in 2021 and Prospects for 2022

1983

N. Biancacci, S.C.P. Albright, R. Alemany-Fernández, D. Alves, M.E. Angoletta, D. Barrientos, H. Bartosik, G. Bellodi, S.B. Bertolo, D. Bodart, M. Bozzolan, H. Damerau, F.D.L. Di Lorenzo, A. Frassier, D. Gamba, A. Huschauer, S. Jensen, V. Kain, T. Koevener, G. Kotzian, D. Küchler, A. Lasheen, G. Le Godec, T.E. Levens, N. Madysa, E. Mahner, O. Marqversen, C.M. Mastrostefano, P.D. Meruga, C. Mutin, M. O’Neil, G. Piccinini, R. Scrivens, P.S. Solvang, D. Valuch, F.M. Velotti, R. Wegner, C. Wetton, M. Zampetakis
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

CERN accelerators underwent a period of long shutdown from the end of 2018 to 2020. During this time frame, significant hardware and software upgrades have been put in place to increase the performance of both proton and ion accelerator chains in the High Luminosity LHC era. In the context of the CERN lead ion chain, 2021 has been mainly devoted to restore the injectors’ performance and to successfully prove the slip-stacking technique in SPS. In this paper we summarise the key milestones of the ion beam commissioning and the achieved beam performance for the Linac 3 (including the source), LEIR and PS accelerators, together with an outlook on 2022 operation.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT055

About •

Received ※ 03 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 17 June 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPOTK012

Commissioning the New LLRF System of the CERN PS Booster

2060

S.C.P. Albright, M.E. Angoletta, D. Barrientos, A. Findlay, M. Jaussi, J.C. Molendijk
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

The PS Booster (PSB) is the first synchrotron in the injection chain for protons. The beams produced for the LHC and various fixed target experiments cover a very large parameter space. Over the Long Shutdown 2 (LS2), the PSB was heavily upgraded as part of the LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) project. The low-level RF systems now drive the new Finemet-loaded cavities, control RF synchronisation for the new injection mechanism, and cope with the increased injection and extraction energies. The Finemet cavities provide exceptional flexibility, allowing an arbitrary distribution of voltage at different revolution frequency harmonics, but at the cost of significant broadband impedance. The new injection mechanism allows bunch-to-bucket multi-turn injection, which significantly reduces the amount of beam loss at the start of the cycle. The longitudinal beam production schema for each beam-type was developed based on simulations during LS2, and then adapted during the setting-up phase to suit the final operational configuration. This paper discusses the commissioning of the new LLRF, and the consequences of the LIU upgrades on the production of various beams.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK012

About •

Received ※ 25 May 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 07 July 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPOTK013

Direct Impedance Measurement of the CERN PS Booster Finemet Cavities

2064

S.C.P. Albright, M.E. Angoletta, D. Barrientos, A. Findlay, M. Jaussi, J.C. Molendijk
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

Over CERN’s Long Shutdown 2, the conventional ferrite-loaded cavities of the PS Booster were replaced with wide-band Finemet-loaded cavities. The Finemet cavities bring many operational advantages, but also represent a significant broadband impedance source. The impedance is mitigated by servo loops, which suppress the induced voltage, reducing the impedance as seen by the beam. Accurately including the impedance of the cavity and the effect of the servoloops in longitudinal tracking simulations is essential to predict the performance with beam. This paper discusses the results of a measurement campaign, which is intended to give a direct measurement of the cavity impedance. Using the detected voltage and the measured beam profile, the cavity impedance can be inferred and used to improve beam dynamics modelling.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK013

About •

Received ※ 26 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 July 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)