IPAC2021 - List of Authors (Carra, F.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOPAB024	Efficient Coupling of Hydrodynamic and Energy-Deposition Codes for Hydrodynamic-Tunnelling Studies on High-Energy Particle Accelerators	119
	C. Wiesner, F. Carra, J. Kruse-Hansen, M. Masci, D. Wollmann CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland Y. Nie KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
	The machine-protection evaluation of high-energy accelerators comprises the study of beyond-design failures, including the direct beam impact onto machine elements. In case of a direct impact, the nominal beam of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) would penetrate more than 30 meters into a solid copper target. The penetration depth due to the time structure of the particle beam is, thus, significantly longer than predicted from purely static energy-deposition simulations with 7 TeV protons. This effect, known as hydrodynamic tunnelling, is caused by the beam-induced density depletion of the material at the target axis, which allows subsequent bunches to penetrate deeper into the target. Its proper simulation requires, therefore, to sequentially couple an energy-deposition code and a hydrodynamic code for the different target densities. This paper describes a method to efficiently couple the simulations codes Autodyn and FLUKA based on automatic density assignment and input file generation, and presents the results achieved for a sample case.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB024
About •	paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 05 July 2021 issue date ※ 28 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPAB025	Collimation Strategies for Secondary Beams in FCC-hh Ion-Ion Operation	2652
	J.R. Hunt, R. Bruce, F. Carra, F. Cerutti, J. Guardia, J. Molson CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	The target peak luminosity of the CERN FCC-hh during Pb-Pb collisions is more than a factor of 50 greater than that achieved by the LHC in 2018. As a result, the intensity of secondary beams produced in collisions at the interaction points will be significantly higher than previously experienced. With up to 72 kW deposited in a localised region by a single secondary beam type, namely the one originated by Bound Free Pair Production (BFPP), it is essential to develop strategies to safely intercept these beams, including the ones from ElectroMagnetic Dissociation (EMD), in order to ensure successful FCC-hh Pb-Pb operation. A series of beam tracking and energy deposition simulations were performed to determine the optimal solution for handling the impact of such beams. In this contribution the most advanced results are presented, with a discussion of different options.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB025
About •	paper received ※ 18 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021 issue date ※ 18 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPAB235	Detailed Electromagnetic Characterisation of HL-LHC Low Impedance Collimators	4258
	A. Kurtulus, C. Accentura, N. Biancacci, F. Carra, F. Caspers, N. Chitnis, F. Giordano, R. Illan Fiastre, S. Joly, I. Lamas Garcia, L. Mourier, E. Métral, S. Redaelli, B. Salvant, W. Vollenberg, C. Vollinger, C. Zannini CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) project will upgrade the LHC machine to allow operation with increased luminosity for the experiments. In order to achieve this goal, different operational parameters of the machine need to be pushed beyond the present design values, including the stored beam energy. One of the main challenges related to the achievement of the upgraded performance is the beam collimation system and its contribution to the overall machine impedance budget. In this perspective, new low impedance collimators have been designed, fabricated, and installed in the LHC. In this study, we will present their detailed electromagnetic (EM) characterization by means of radio frequency (RF) measurements and EM simulations.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB235
About •	paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 19 July 2021 issue date ※ 10 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Page

Efficient Coupling of Hydrodynamic and Energy-Deposition Codes for Hydrodynamic-Tunnelling Studies on High-Energy Particle Accelerators

119

C. Wiesner, F. Carra, J. Kruse-Hansen, M. Masci, D. Wollmann
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
Y. Nie
KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany

The machine-protection evaluation of high-energy accelerators comprises the study of beyond-design failures, including the direct beam impact onto machine elements. In case of a direct impact, the nominal beam of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) would penetrate more than 30 meters into a solid copper target. The penetration depth due to the time structure of the particle beam is, thus, significantly longer than predicted from purely static energy-deposition simulations with 7 TeV protons. This effect, known as hydrodynamic tunnelling, is caused by the beam-induced density depletion of the material at the target axis, which allows subsequent bunches to penetrate deeper into the target. Its proper simulation requires, therefore, to sequentially couple an energy-deposition code and a hydrodynamic code for the different target densities. This paper describes a method to efficiently couple the simulations codes Autodyn and FLUKA based on automatic density assignment and input file generation, and presents the results achieved for a sample case.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB024

About •

paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 05 July 2021 issue date ※ 28 August 2021

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPAB025

Collimation Strategies for Secondary Beams in FCC-hh Ion-Ion Operation

2652

J.R. Hunt, R. Bruce, F. Carra, F. Cerutti, J. Guardia, J. Molson
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

The target peak luminosity of the CERN FCC-hh during Pb-Pb collisions is more than a factor of 50 greater than that achieved by the LHC in 2018. As a result, the intensity of secondary beams produced in collisions at the interaction points will be significantly higher than previously experienced. With up to 72 kW deposited in a localised region by a single secondary beam type, namely the one originated by Bound Free Pair Production (BFPP), it is essential to develop strategies to safely intercept these beams, including the ones from ElectroMagnetic Dissociation (EMD), in order to ensure successful FCC-hh Pb-Pb operation. A series of beam tracking and energy deposition simulations were performed to determine the optimal solution for handling the impact of such beams. In this contribution the most advanced results are presented, with a discussion of different options.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB025

About •

paper received ※ 18 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021 issue date ※ 18 August 2021

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPAB235

Detailed Electromagnetic Characterisation of HL-LHC Low Impedance Collimators

4258

A. Kurtulus, C. Accentura, N. Biancacci, F. Carra, F. Caspers, N. Chitnis, F. Giordano, R. Illan Fiastre, S. Joly, I. Lamas Garcia, L. Mourier, E. Métral, S. Redaelli, B. Salvant, W. Vollenberg, C. Vollinger, C. Zannini
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) project will upgrade the LHC machine to allow operation with increased luminosity for the experiments. In order to achieve this goal, different operational parameters of the machine need to be pushed beyond the present design values, including the stored beam energy. One of the main challenges related to the achievement of the upgraded performance is the beam collimation system and its contribution to the overall machine impedance budget. In this perspective, new low impedance collimators have been designed, fabricated, and installed in the LHC. In this study, we will present their detailed electromagnetic (EM) characterization by means of radio frequency (RF) measurements and EM simulations.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB235

About •

paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 19 July 2021 issue date ※ 10 August 2021

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)