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@inproceedings{calvey:ipac2021-tuxa01,
author = {J.R. Calvey and M. Borland and T.K. Clute and J.C. Dooling and L. Emery and J. Gagliano and J.E. Hoyt and P.S. Kallakuri},
% author = {J.R. Calvey and M. Borland and T.K. Clute and J.C. Dooling and L. Emery and J. Gagliano and others},
% author = {J.R. Calvey and others},
title = {{Advances in Understanding of Ion Effects in Electron Storage Rings}},
booktitle = {Proc. IPAC'21},
pages = {1267--1272},
eid = {TUXA01},
language = {english},
keywords = {simulation, emittance, ion-effects, storage-ring, injection},
venue = {Campinas, SP, Brazil},
series = {International Particle Accelerator Conference},
number = {12},
publisher = {JACoW Publishing, Geneva, Switzerland},
month = {08},
year = {2021},
issn = {2673-5490},
isbn = {978-3-95450-214-1},
doi = {10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUXA01},
url = {https://jacow.org/ipac2021/papers/tuxa01.pdf},
note = {https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUXA01},
abstract = {{Ion instability, in which beam motion couples with trapped ions in an accelerator, is a serious concern for high-brightness electron storage rings. For the APS-Upgrade, we plan to mitigate coherent ion instability using a compensated gap scheme. To study incoherent effects (such as emittance growth), an IONEFFECTS element has been incorporated into the particle tracking code ELEGANT. The simulations include multiple ionization, transverse impedance, and charge variation between bunches. Once these effects are included, the simulations show good agreement with measurements at the present APS. We have also installed a gas injection system, which creates a controlled pressure bump of Nitrogen gas in a short section of the APS ring. The resulting ion instability was studied under a wide variety of beam conditions. For cases with no or insufficient train gaps, large emittance growth was observed. IONEFFECTS simulations of the gas injection experiment and APS-U storage ring show the possibility of runaway emittance blowup, where the blown-up beam traps more ions, driving further instability.}},
}