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@inproceedings{kourkafas:ipac2021-mopab419,
author = {G. Kourkafas and J. Bundesmann and A. Denker and T. Fanselow and J. Heufelder and J. Röhrich and A. Weber},
% author = {G. Kourkafas and J. Bundesmann and A. Denker and T. Fanselow and J. Heufelder and J. Röhrich and others},
% author = {G. Kourkafas and others},
title = {{Acceleration and Measurement of Alpha Particles and Hydrogen Molecular Ions with the HZB Cyclotron}},
booktitle = {Proc. IPAC'21},
pages = {1264--1266},
eid = {MOPAB419},
language = {english},
keywords = {cyclotron, radiation, proton, vacuum, scattering},
venue = {Campinas, SP, Brazil},
series = {International Particle Accelerator Conference},
number = {12},
publisher = {JACoW Publishing, Geneva, Switzerland},
month = {08},
year = {2021},
issn = {2673-5490},
isbn = {978-3-95450-214-1},
doi = {10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB419},
url = {https://jacow.org/ipac2021/papers/mopab419.pdf},
note = {https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB419},
abstract = {{The HZB cyclotron has treated more than 4000 patients with eye tumors using protons. The accelerator can also provide heavier ions which could be suitable for ocular radiation therapy. Helium ions exhibit less lateral spread, increased relative biological effectiveness and a sharper Bragg-Peak compared to protons of the same range, while minimizing nuclear fragmentation and thus excessive dose downstream the irradiated volume compared to more heavy ions. When accelerating fully stripped helium ions (alpha particles), hydrogen molecular ions can also be accelerated to the same energy with a small tuning of the machine due to having almost the same mass-to-charge ratio, yielding a proton beam of double current after the beam exits the vacuum window towards the target. The acceleration and characterization of these two ion species are described in this paper, suggesting the feasibility of a corresponding clinical cyclotron for ocular or even deep-seated tumors.}},
}