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TUPVA014 |
The 2016 Proton-Nucleus Run of the LHC |
2071 |
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- J.M. Jowett, R. Alemany-Fernández, G. Baud, P. Baudrenghien, R. De Maria, R. De Maria, D. Jacquet, M.A. Jebramcik, A. Mereghetti, T. Mertens, M. Schaumann, H. Timko, M. Wendt, J. Wenninger
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
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For five of the LHC experiments the second p-Pb collision run planned in 2016 offered the opportunity to answer a range of important physics questions arising from the surprise discoveries (e.g., flow-like collective phenomena in small systems) made in earlier Pb-Pb, p-Pb and p-p runs. However the diversity of the physics and their respective capabilities led them to request very different operating conditions, in terms of collision energy, luminosity and pile-up. These appeared mutually incompatible within the available one month of operation. Nevertheless, a plan to satisfy most requirements was developed and implemented successfully. It exploited different beam lifetimes at two beam energies of 4 Z TeV and 6.5 Z TeV, a variety of luminosity sharing and bunch filling schemes, and varying beam directions. The outcome of this very complex strategy for repeated re-commissioning and operation of the LHC included the longest ever LHC fill with luminosity levelled for almost 38 h. The peak luminosity achieved exceeded the design value by a factor 7.8 and integrated luminosity substantially exceeded the experiments' requests.
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DOI • |
reference for this paper
※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-TUPVA014
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