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The achievement in recent years of beams with vertical emittance of a few pico-meters in a number of electron storage rings has presented challenges for diagnostics capable of beam size measurements in this regime. A number of different approaches have been developed for various machines (e.g. laser wire; interferometer; Shintake monitor; coded aperture; compound refractive lens). This presentation will review and compare the different methods, and discuss their strengths, weaknesses, ultimate limitations, and the situations where they might be appropriate; and consider possible future directions.
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