IPAC2011 - List of Authors (Galambos, J.)

Paper	Title	Page
WEPS064	Upgrade Strategies for High Power Proton Linacs	2646
	M. Lindroos, H. Danared, M. Eshraqi, D.P. McGinnis, S. Molloy, S. Peggs, K. Rathsman ESS, Lund, Sweden R.D. Duperrier CEA/DSM/IRFU, France J. Galambos ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
	High power proton linacs are used as drivers for spallation neutron sources, and are proposed as drivers for sub-critical accelerator driven thorium reactors. A linac optimized for a specific average pulse current can be difficult, or inefficient, to operate at higher currents, for example due to mis-matching between the RF coupler and the beam loaded cavity, and due to Higher Order Mode effects. Hardware is in general designed to meet specific engineering values, such as pulse length and repetition rate, that can be costly and difficult to change, for example due to pre-existing space constraints. We review the different upgrade strategies that are available to proton driver designers, both for linacs under design, such as the European Spallation Source (ESS) in Lund, and also for existing linacs, such as the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) in Oak Ridge. Potential ESS upgrades towards a beam power higher than 5 MW preserve the original time structure, while the SNS upgrade is directed towards the addition of a second target station.

Paper

Title

Page

Upgrade Strategies for High Power Proton Linacs

2646

M. Lindroos, H. Danared, M. Eshraqi, D.P. McGinnis, S. Molloy, S. Peggs, K. Rathsman
ESS, Lund, Sweden
R.D. Duperrier
CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
J. Galambos
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

High power proton linacs are used as drivers for spallation neutron sources, and are proposed as drivers for sub-critical accelerator driven thorium reactors. A linac optimized for a specific average pulse current can be difficult, or inefficient, to operate at higher currents, for example due to mis-matching between the RF coupler and the beam loaded cavity, and due to Higher Order Mode effects. Hardware is in general designed to meet specific engineering values, such as pulse length and repetition rate, that can be costly and difficult to change, for example due to pre-existing space constraints. We review the different upgrade strategies that are available to proton driver designers, both for linacs under design, such as the European Spallation Source (ESS) in Lund, and also for existing linacs, such as the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) in Oak Ridge. Potential ESS upgrades towards a beam power higher than 5 MW preserve the original time structure, while the SNS upgrade is directed towards the addition of a second target station.