monitoring
TUAC2
Overview of the FCC-ee beam instrumentation R&D
1
The talk shall present an overview of the FCC beam instrumentation needs, the corresponding main challenges. This will review the different R&D activities being currently pursued, including Beam position and loss monitoring, Transverse and longitudinal monitoring systems as well as polarimetry and luminosity monitoring.
Paper: TUAC2
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUAC2
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 08 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUBI1
Commissioning of the beam diagnostic system for NanoTerasu: a new 3 GeV light source in Japan
5
NanoTerasu is a 4th generation 3 GeV light source newly constructed in Sendai, Japan. The circumference is 349 m and the natural emittance is 1.1 nm rad, which is realized by a double-double-bend lattice. The commissioning of the storage ring started in June 2023 and the stored current reached 300 mA in November. The beam diagnostic system for NanoTerasu mainly consists of button BPMs to monitor both single-pass and COD beam orbit, a DCCT to monitor the stored current, an X-ray pinhole camera to measure the beam size. To suppress collective instabilities, a transverse bunch-by-bunch feedback (BBF) system is also in use. The BBF system can also measure the betatron tune. In this talk, an overview of the beam commissioning of NanoTerasu, the performance of each beam diagnostic component, and fine-tuning of the electron beam optics will be presented.
Paper: TUBI1
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUBI1
About: Received: 04 Sep 2024 — Revised: 06 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 06 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUBI2
Design of HEPS beam diagnostics
11
HEPS is a fourth generation light source which has horizontal emittance around 34pm.rad and high brilliance photon beam, this ultra-low emittance brings many engineering challenges for beam instrumentation. Self-developed digital BPM electronics and scintillate BLMs contributed more in first turn and day one commissioning. The gird designed by combining carbon fiber and invar alloy have effectively suppress the long drift of the BPM system. Additionally, synchrotron radiation measurement system based on KB mirror has successfully captured the first synchrotron light and provided real-time beam size measurements. This talk will present an overview of beam instrumentation of HEPS.
Paper: TUBI2
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUBI2
About: Received: 10 Sep 2024 — Revised: 11 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 11 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUBC3
Beam diagnostics for CSNS-Ⅱ linac commission and operation
15
The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) facility began operation in 2018. By 2020, its accelerator achieved the design power of 100kW and currently operates at a power of 160kW. This year, the power upgrade project (CSNS-Ⅱ) has been launched to meet the growing scientific demands. Our goal is to enhance the accelerator power to 500kW primarily by increasing the beam current. A comprehensive suite of beam diagnostics has been developed to support commissioning and operation of the accelerator at higher intensities. In this paper, we first review the commissioning and operational status of the existing linac, and then outline the new requirements for the linac upgrade.
Paper: TUBC3
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUBC3
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 11 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 11 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUDC2
The study of high-frequency pick-ups for electron beam position measurements in the AWAKE common beamline
31
The common beamline of the AWAKE experiment at CERN involves the co-propagation of two particle beams: protons with 48 nC bunch charge and 250 ps bunch length, and electrons with up to 600 pC bunch charge and approximately 4 ps bunch length. The existing operational beam position monitors at AWAKE cannot measure the electron bunches whilst the more-intense proton bunches are present, due to their low operating frequency. In order to try to address this challenge, two different types of high-frequency pick-ups were studied, a conical-shaped button pick-up and a Cherenkov diffraction radiation-based pick-up designed to operate at around 30 GHz. Both devices were installed at AWAKE and were connected to two identical read-out systems designed by TRIUMF. This contribution presents and discusses the results obtained from beam-based measurements during the current experimental year.
Paper: TUDC2
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUDC2
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 12 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 12 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUP08
Design of button beam position monitor for the ILSF booster
43
The Iranian Light Source Facility Booster is under design with a 504 m circumference and will accelerate the electron bunches from 150 MeV to 3 GeV. the 50 button-type beam position monitors (BPMs) are considered the non-destructive tools to measure the beam position in the ILSF booster. In this paper, the design of the BPM for the ILSF booster is studied. The BPM blocks have 4 buttons (electrodes) that are placed at 45 degrees to the beam axis. to choose the best geometry, The BPMs with different button diameters and gaps are simulated by the CST Microwave Studio and BpmLab.
Paper: TUP08
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUP08
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 11 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 11 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUP10
A high-precision low-latency DBPM processor for HALF
50
Hefei Advanced Light Facility (HALF) is a fourth-generation vacuum ultraviolet and X-ray diffraction limit synchrotron radiation (DLSR) light source under construction. It is expected to have an ultra-low emittance and an extremely small beam size, which requires high-precision orbit detection and fast feedback control. The processor is the key component of the digital beam position monitor (DBPM) and control system, which is required to provide a submicrometer resolution in beam position measurement with a processing latency of lower than 90 μs. This paper presents the design and testing of a high-precision low-latency DBPM processor. In order to reduce the latency and ensure the high position resolution, a specific higher sampling frequency is chosen to reduce the quantization noise platform of the analog to digital convertor and an optimized low-order filter is adopted. Specialized efforts are devoted to the low jitter sampling clock generation and low noise analog circuit design. Furthermore, a dual-pilot tone structure was employed to compensate the gain variations across the four channels of the beam monitor sensor. The laboratory test results show that the DBPM has a position resolution of better than 400 nm for turn-by-turn acquisition, better than 90 nm for fast acquisition at 20 kHz rate, and better than 20 nm for slow acquisition at 10 Hz rate, with a total latency of less than 80 μs.
Paper: TUP10
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUP10
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 09 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUP11
Beam position monitors for the HEPS
54
At the High Energy Photon Source (HEPS), a high orbital stability of typically 10 % of the beam size and angular divergence must be achieved, which implies that the beam orbit must be stabilized to the sub-micrometer level. A button and stripline beam position monitor (BPM) were designed based on the analytical formulas and CST simulations results. The results of electromagnetic field simulations revealed how various mechanical errors, such as button size and location accuracy, as well as the related button capacitance, exert different influences on the beam position measurement. The performance of an actual BPM pickup was measured, along with an assessment of the error on the beam position measurement. Additionally, a wakefield analysis, including an investigation of trapped resonant modes and related thermal deformation, was conducted. The characteristic impedances of the stripline were designed to be 50 Ω and confirmed by measurements. The position sensitivity, position resolution, capacitance and the electro-mechanical offsets were measured using the Lambertson method, and the calibration coefficients were measured using a stretched wire.Various problems that arise during the processing and installation process will also be introduced.
Paper: TUP11
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUP11
About: Received: 30 Aug 2024 — Revised: 09 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUP15
Neural network technique for improving accuracy, reliability and robustness of beam position monitor system
67
The beam position monitor (BPM) is a crucial instrumentation system for the commissioning and operation of the accelerator. Its accuracy and robustness are essential for ensuring the stability of the accelerator. Currently, the beam position is calculated by fitting a polynomial to the four voltage signals obtained from the BPM electrodes in BEPCII and HEPS. To improve the system’s robustness, a formula is provided that expresses the relationship between the three voltage signals and the position. The average fitting error is 40 𝜇m, but the error of the three-electrode calculation is not high. Therefore, we propose using neural networks for beam position calculation to improve the system’s robustness while guaranteeing its accuracy. This will ensure that the beam position can be provided stably, even in the case of one single electrode error. In our experiments, we use BPM calibration data from HEPS. The trained neural network’s performance on the test set meets the accuracy requirements, with an error of less than 15 𝜇m in both four-electrode and three-electrode predictions, and an average value of fitting error is 1 𝜇m. Furthermore, we validate the neural network’s generalization ability by using data measured by BPM on HEPS.
Paper: TUP15
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUP15
About: Received: 02 Sep 2024 — Revised: 07 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUP18
Design of a stripline BPM for CSNS-II injection upgrade
80
The CSNS accelerator complex is upgrading the injection area to improve the beam-loss control during beam injection and acceleration in the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron. At CSNS, the linac beam energy will be increased from 80MeV to 300MeV employing a new superconducting accelerating section, and the beam power at the spallation target will be 500kW. To accomplish these requirements, a stripline-type BPM has been designed with a large aperture and 50 Ω stripline electrodes. This BPM has an inner diameter of 52 mm and is used to detect the beam with a current of 10-30 mA and a pulse width of 100-500us. Several geometrical and electrical parameters have been optimized with numerical simulation. This paper will describe the design and optimization of the stripline-type BPM in detail, and simulation results are discussed.
Paper: TUP18
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUP18
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 10 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUP28
Design of beam position monitoring interlocking protection system
110
The machine protection system guarantees the safe operation of the HIAF (High Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility) in different operating modes and also prevents damage to the online equipment in the event of a failure. Beam current data such as beam current position and phase is an important basis for analysing and diagnosing accelerator faults. In this paper, the authors designed the beam position and phase interlock monitoring system. The system is based on circular buffer and AXI4 protocol to realize the interaction of interlock data and locking of interlock status. At the same time, the system uses memory mapping to save the interlock beam data. Laboratory tests show that the system could save the beam position, beam phase, SUM signals and amplitude of sensed signal per probe path during interlocking before and after 8ms and latch the interlock status of 25 channels. The system was deployed at the CAFe-LINAC gas pedal in March 2024 to complete online measurements.
Paper: TUP28
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUP28
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 10 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 11 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUP29
Offline Calibration and Error Correction of the Stripline BPM for the HALF Injector
114
This study conducted offline calibration tests on the stripline Beam Position Monitor (BPM) designed for the Hefei Advanced Light Facility (HALF) injector. The Lambertson method was used to measure the off-set between the electrical center and the mechanical center of the BPM, with results showing horizontal and vertical offsets of 0.1154 mm and 0.1661 mm, respec-tively. Additionally, the wire-scan method was em-ployed to construct the BPM mapping, and polynomial fitting was applied to effectively reduce the BPM’s nonlinearity and system errors. The experimental re-sults provide essential data support for the optimiza-tion and practical application of the BPM in the HALF injector.
Paper: TUP29
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUP29
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 09 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 09 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUP30
Development of high-precision beam position monitor for the Korean 4GSR project
118
The Korean 4GSR project is currently under construction in Ochang, South Korea, with the aim of achieving first beam commissioning in 2027. Designed to achieve an emittance approximately 100 times smaller than that of third-generation synchrotron radiation storage rings, the project requires the development of several high-precision beam diagnostic devices. In particular, the beam position monitor (BPM) is aimed at reducing longitudinal wake impedance to suppress heating and beam instability. For this purpose, two types of 4GSR BPM pick-up antennas have been developed. The first utilizes a SiO2 glass insulator, while the second is designed in a cone shape using Al2O3. The differences and advantages of the two designs are explained, and the performance obtained through actual beam tests will be described. This presentation will provide an overview of the current development status of the beam position monitor developed for the 4GSR project, including details on the approximate configuration of the 4GSR BPM system.
Paper: TUP30
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUP30
About: Received: 11 Sep 2024 — Revised: 12 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 12 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUP33
Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation Beam Position studies at Diamond Light Source
126
This paper will show beam position studies performed using a Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation (ChDR) based Beam Position Monitor (BPM) at Diamond Light Source (DLS). Displaying the characterisation of the BPM using the 3 GeV electron beam at DLS and comparing the effectiveness of this prototype to an existing Inductive Beam Position Monitor (IBPM) in use in the DLS Booster To Storage (BTS) transfer line. The functionality of the BPM is explored, utilising both wideband and narrowband ChDR emission with the application of filters to the ChDR detection system.
Paper: TUP33
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUP33
About: Received: 06 Sep 2024 — Revised: 13 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 13 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUP38
Development of a beam position monitor for MYRRHA high energy beams
138
MYRRHA (Multi-Purpose Hybrid Research Reactor for High-Tech Applications) aims to demonstrate the feasibility of high-level nuclear waste transmutation at industrial scale. MYRRHA Facility aims to accelerate 4 mA proton beam up to 600 MeV. The accurate tuning of LINAC is essential for the operation of MYRRHA and requires measurement of the beam transverse position and shape, the phase of the beam with respect to the radiofrequency voltage with the help of Beam Position Monitor (BPM) system. MYRRHA is divided in two phases, the first phase, called MINERVA, includes several sections allowing beam acceleration up to 100 MeV. the second phase includes a High Energy Beam Transport (HEBT) line up to 600MeV. A BPM prototype was realized for the HEBT line. This paper addresses the design, realization, and calibration of this BPMs and its associated electronics. The characterization of the beam shape is performed by means of a test bench allowing a position mapping with a resolution of 0.02 mm.
Paper: TUP38
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUP38
About: Received: 30 Aug 2024 — Revised: 12 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 12 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUP40
Progress of low-β BPM calibration based on helical slow-wave structure
142
Beam Position Monitors (BPMs) are essential in parti-cle accelerators for the precise measurement of beam trajectories. Considering the inherent inaccuracies in manufacturing and assembly, rigorous offline calibration processes are essential to guarantee the precision of beam position measurements. The predominant calibration technique, specifically the wire test method, is tailored for relativistic beams and is inappropriate for low-β beams. This manuscript introduces an innovative ap-proach employing a helical slow-wave structure to emu-late the electromagnetic fields of low-energy beams, thus facilitating the calibration of BPMs for low-β scenarios. Employing a helix-based calibration platform, we con-ducted the calibration of the nonlinear response of BPMs at the Xi'an Proton Application Facility for a 7 MeV pro-ton beam, with results aligning with the simulation. This advancement expands the precision and range of beam position measurements, substantially enhancing the op-eration and optimization of particle accelerators.
Paper: TUP40
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUP40
About: Received: 03 Sep 2024 — Revised: 09 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 09 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUP41
Test of BPM cables vs temperature and humidity
145
Measuring the absolute position of the beam in the intensifier and storage ring of a high energy photon source (HEPS) requires measuring the offset between the electrical and mechanical centers of the beam position monitor (BPM). In the HEPS project, a four-electrode BPM is used, and the signals from each of the four electrodes of the BPM probe are led out by a cable. During the operation of the intensifier and storage ring, the influence of ambient temperature and humidity on the BPM cable and the difference between the four channels will directly lead to changes in the BPM measurement results. In this paper, vector network analyzer (VNA) is used to test the data of signal amplitude change of two BPM cables within ten hours when temperature and humidity change. The conclusion is that the influence of temperature on the signal is about 0.01 dB/℃, the influence of humidity on the signal is about 0.05 dB/10%, and the relative change between channels is about 5%.
Paper: TUP41
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUP41
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 12 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 12 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUP45
The design and accurate calibration of HIAF-Ring BPM
158
Beam Position Monitors (BPM) are the non-destructive monitors used most frequently at nearly all linacs, cyclotrons, and synchrotrons. The most basic function of BPM is to provide the accurate position of the centre of mass of the beam for closed orbit feedback and other demands. However, due to the error of actual processing, the k value and the actual electric center will be different with the ideal k value and electric center of BPM, which requires us to accurately measure the k value and offset value of each set of BPM offline. There are 72 sets of BPMs in HIAF BRing & SRing, with 10 specifications and plate radius ranging from 180mm to 330mm, but the shape and size of the front and back pipes connected to bpms are variety during actual installation. Based on theoretical analysis, the k value and offset value of the BPM which electrode plates are too close to the flange are greatly affected by the pipes connected to bpm at both ends, and the measurement error can even reach 9mm. Therefore, this paper takes HIAF BRing and SRing BPM calibration as examples to explain how to accurately calibrate BPM.
Paper: TUP45
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUP45
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 10 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 11 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUP46
Design and deployment of an in-vacuum Electro-Optic BPM at the CERN SPS
161
Accurate monitoring and control of charged particle beams at the HL-LHC demands the development of new beam diagnostics tools. This poster provides an overview of the electro-optic beam position monitor (EO-BPM), currently taking measurements at CERN's SPS. This device uses the Pockels effect to monitor the transverse position and instabilities in the particle beam. Comprising of a laser source, electro-optic crystal, optical system, and a fast photodetector, the EO-BPM operates by generating a modulated optical signal directly linked to the propagating electric field of the beam. The EO-BPM is designed as a self containing button with fibre-coupled laser connected to the crystal inside and a fibre coupled Mach-Zehnder interferometer yielding sum and difference signals on the outside. A segment of the SPS beam pipe is fitted with a mount to connect the button, allowing the electric field induced by the particle beam to be captured and transferred to the electro-optic crystal. The goal is to gain insight into the transverse position along the bunch and the identification of intra-bunch instabilities, contributing to precision in beam monitoring and control.
Paper: TUP46
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUP46
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 07 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUP59
Design of X-ray ionization beam profile monitor for Korea-4GSR
191
The Insertion Device (ID) photon beam of a synchrotron can be contaminated with radiation from upstream and downstream bending magnets, causing position measurement errors in blade-type monitors. Beamlines of the low emittance storage ring are particularly sensitive to photon beam position variations, requiring more accurate measurements. To address this, we designed an ionization profile monitor to non-destructively measure the profile and position of the white undulator beam at Korea-4GSR without contamination. Leveraging the relatively large active area of readout devices suitable for small emittance beams we have designed a 1:1 mapping field to defocus photo-ions. Given that the defocusing field can induce errors due to vertical position, we propose a calibration method and validate it using particle tracking simulation.
Paper: TUP59
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUP59
About: Received: 11 Sep 2024 — Revised: 11 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 12 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
TUP73
Features of non-destructive beam instrumentation at the INR RAS high-intensity hydrogen ions linac
215
The linac of INR RAS is а high-intensity accelerator of protons and H-minus ions, which is used for a complex of neutron sources, isotope production, proton irradiation and investigations in proton flash therapy. A non-destructive beam instrumentation plays a key role in the linac tuning. The general peculiarity of this multi-component system is that all detectors are home-made devices with a wide operation range and can be used at different ion linacs with a minimum adaptation to beam parameters. Beam current transformers for standard and in-air measurements, resonance and capacitive position and phase monitors, BIF-monitor for 1D and beam cross-section monitor for 2D non-destructive profile diagnostics. Different operation features and manufacturing peculiarities are presented in this paper. Results of implementation, operation and continuous upgrade are described. Also easily scalable typical designs of some detectors are discussed.
Paper: TUP73
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-TUP73
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 09 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
WEBC3
First proof-of-concept transverse beam profile measurements with gas jet in-vivo dose profiler for medical accelerators
228
To ensure patient safety, treatment efficacy, and facility efficiency, a full online characterisation of the charged particle beam is required for every ion beam therapy facility. Current dosimetry methods offer limited information or are invasive to the beam, asking for the development of in-vivo dosimetry solutions. The QUASAR Group, based at Cockcroft Institute in the UK, has been developing non-invasive beam monitor for medical accelerators since 2015. Detailed transverse beam profile monitoring is the first step towards in-vivo dosimetry. The current monitor applies a supersonic beam gas curtain, interacting with a charged particle beam to then exploit the resulting impact ionization to record the transverse beam profile. A prototype monitor was tested at Dalton Cumbrian Facility’s pelletron accelerator for proof-of-concept beam measurements in summer 2023. The measurements were carried out for different beam energies, sizes and intensities and with both, proton and carbon ion beams. This contribution presents the monitor design and functioning principle, results from the experimental campaign, and planned upgrades to achieve real-time, non-invasive dosimetry.
Paper: WEBC3
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-WEBC3
About: Received: 30 Aug 2024 — Revised: 05 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 07 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
WEP02
Bunch-by-bunch profile measurement during beam available time
245
This paper presents a bunch-by-bunch profile measurement system, which includes an optical imaging frontend, a multi-channel photomultiplier tube (MAPMT) for photoelectric conversion, and a high-sampling-rate oscilloscope for data recording. The system is capable of measuring the transverse positions and sizes of each bunch in the storage ring during the beam availability period of the Hefei Light Source II (HLS-II). By finely processing the collected data, the system can effectively recognize the dynamic characteristics of the beams and monitor the performance of the light source. Here, the paper elaborates on the system’s design principles, optical layout and system configuration. It also introduces the program workflow of data processing, along with an analysis of the corresponding measurement errors.
Paper: WEP02
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-WEP02
About: Received: 31 Aug 2024 — Revised: 08 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
WEP03
Two-dimensional Reconstruction by the Multi-strip Ionization Chamber at PREF
250
The 60 MeV Proton Radiation Effects Facility (PREF) spent nearly 1 month at the commissioning phase, during which the multi-strip ionization chamber (MIC) at the experimental terminal offered the core parameters, beam spot, scanning area, scanning uniformity, beam flux. However, the projection distribution provided by the MIC loses some information, such as the flux and the uniformity in a selected area less than the scanning area. This paper used a method of two-dimensional reconstruction to provide a 2D uniformity of selected area. Revealing the trace of the pencil beam at a sampling rate of 10 kHz.
Paper: WEP03
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-WEP03
About: Received: 08 Sep 2024 — Revised: 10 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 11 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
WEP11
The upgrade of the target multiwire profile monitor for the CSNS-II project
271
The beam power is lifted up to 500 kW for the phase II of the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS-II) project, which is five times the power of CSNS-I. At the CSNS, the neutron beams are generated by the spallation reaction of 1.6-GeV protons striking on a tungsten target. The multiwire profile monitor (MWPM) in front of the proton beam window is the only instrument for long-term monitoring of proton beam distribution when the protons are delivered to the spallation target. The wire interval of the target MWPM of CSNS-I is 7 mm, which is slightly sparse for beam profile measurements during the beam operation in recent years. To ensure the precisely monitoring and provide accurate signal for the Machine Protection System (MPS) when the beam is abnormal, an upgraded design was proposed and implemented. The design mainly employs the Printed Circuit Board (PCB) technique to route the signal originated from the tungsten wires. Four bias planes comprised of tungsten wires are added to mitigate the crosstalk effect brought about by stray electrons and enhance the secondary emission effect. The minimal wire interval of present design is 2 mm and the whole equipment is more compact compared with the previous one due to the PCB scheme. This paper will detail the design and manufacturing of the CSNS target MWPM.
Paper: WEP11
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-WEP11
About: Received: 07 Sep 2024 — Revised: 09 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 09 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
WEP12
A development of wide dynamic-range halo monitor for 8 GeV proton beams at FNAL
274
The FNAL accelerator complex has been upgrading in increasing beam intensity and beam quality. A new beam halo diagnostic device is required in the beam transport line between booster and Recycler. For this purpose, it was decided to introduce the wide dynamic range monitor technique that was developed in 2012 and has been in operation at the J-PARC beam transport line. The device is a two-dimensional beam profile monitor, and it has a dynamic range of approximately six digits of magnitude by using of Optical Transition Radiation and fluorescence screens. Eliminating harmful beam halos is the most important technique for high-intensity proton accelerators. Therefore, beam halo diagnosis is indispensable and becomes more and more important. New FNAL device has been manufactured in a collaboration between J-PARC and FNAL as a part of U.S.-Japan Science and Technology Cooperation Program in High Energy Physics. The equipment will be manufactured at J-PARC and will be shipped to FNAL in 2025. We designed the device to satisfy FNAL specifications: the beam energy, intensity, and size. Currently, most of the equipments are under construction. The large-aperture optical system has been completed and its optical characteristics are being evaluated at J-PARC. We have been also investigating measurement methods corresponding to FNAL bunch trains. This paper reports on the current status of these developments.
Paper: WEP12
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-WEP12
About: Received: 18 Sep 2024 — Revised: 20 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 20 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
WEP17
Physical design of an online beam monitor for heavy-ion single event effects
297
Accurate measurement of flux rate is essential in heavy-ion single event effects tests, but it presents significant challenges for monitoring low energy (5~10 MeV/u) and low intensity (less than 1E6 /s) heavy-ion beams. In this paper, we propose a novel detector that enables real-time monitoring of flux rate by simultaneously measuring the beam intensity and profile using secondary electrons on both the front and back surfaces of thin foils. The confinement of sec-ondary electrons through electric and magnetic fields is achieved, with CST simulation has been utilized to validate the method. This approach offers several ad-vantages over conventional methods, including high space and time resolution, reduced mass thickness, and multi-parameter measurement capability.
Paper: WEP17
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-WEP17
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 08 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
WEP23
Halo monitor for high-intensity hadron beams based on supersonic gas curtain
310
Although there is no clear definition of beam halo in particle accelerators, it is generally regarded as particles outside of the beam core with an intensity level of less than 10-5 or 10-6 of the peaks. In high-intensity, high-power hadron accelerators, the presence of halo particles may cause emittance growth and beam loss, difficulties in beam control and collimation, increase the noise of detectors, and cause activation or even damage to accelerator components. To understand the halo dynamics, experimental studies are essential, but the required detection techniques are often too limited and do not meet the required high dynamic range. In this contribution, a supersonic gas curtain-based profile monitor is considered for beam halo measurement in high-intensity, high-power hadron accelerators. This monitor is based on the beam gas curtain (BGC) monitor, successfully used in the Large Hadron Collider. Instead of a broad curtain with uniform density, a new concept with two shorter curtain segments which can be adapted to the shape of the beam core and aim at the halo particles only is applied. The monitor design and operating principle will be presented, and the anticipated integration time, signal intensity and dynamic range will be discussed, as well as opportunities for increasing the sensitivity by incorporating micro-channel plates or the Timepix detector.
Paper: WEP23
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-WEP23
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 07 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 07 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
WEP30
Detailed bench investigations and comparison of four low-light cameras
331
Sensitive cameras are frequently operated to record low-light processes such as Beam Induced Fluorescence or optical transition radiation for transverse profile determination. We compared four cameras based on different principles: Firstly, we investigated an Image Intensifier equipped with a double MCP (producer ProxiVision); secondly, an electron-multiplied CCD (emCCD Teledyne Princeton Instruments ProEm+:512B); and, thirdly, sCMOS cameras (producer PCO.edge4.2bi and Teledyne Kinetix 22). LEDs generate light pulses within a wavelength range of 385 to 500 nm and a duration of 0.03 to 8 ms to vary the photon flux. Moreover, the spatial resolution is compared. The image intensifier is the most sensitive camera type and provides very low noise; however, the method provides only a limited spatial resolution. The investigated emCCD camera has a comparable sensitivity but provides a better spatial resolution. The sCMOS cameras provide a factor of about 5 to 10 lower sensitivity depending on wavelength. A quantitative comparison of signal-to-noise ratios and statical fluctuations for several wavelengths will be presented.
Paper: WEP30
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-WEP30
About: Received: 04 Sep 2024 — Revised: 07 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 07 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
WEP50
Research on visualization and indexing of data based on the ELK stack
386
This paper presents a comprehensive solution for the real-time collection and analysis of BPM telemetry data using Kafka and the ELK stack. It includes the transmission of PV variables from BPM electronic devices to the Kafka message queue, thus realizing a powerful and scalable data streaming process. By retrieving JSON formatted data from Kafka using the ELK stack, efficient data indexing and visualization in Kibana are achieved. The paper details the architectural design, implementation details, and the advantages of using Kafka as a BPM data dissemination center. This integration not only enhances the performance and reliability of the data processing pipeline but also provides physicists and engineers with powerful tools for the real-time visualization and monitoring of BPM data. Our approach has shown significant improvements in data accessibility, searchability, and real-time analytics, offering profound implications for future research and development in the instrumentation and diagnostics of particle accelerators.
Paper: WEP50
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-WEP50
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 06 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 06 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
WEP58
Beam diagnostics control system upgrade of IPM LINAC
409
A series of upgrades has now begun to industrialize the applications of the experimental IPM electron LINAC. This includes upgrading the control system of the diagnostics tools and adding new tools and equipment to the system as well. The aim is to build an integrated control system to collect and manage all diagnostics signals. This will allow us to continuously monitor and archive all of the beam parameters for LINAC performance analysis and improvement. It is hence decided to migrate from LabVIEW to an EPICS-based control system which has many advantages in this regard. In the meantime, it is also required to employ more modern equipment with better control interfaces and add some extra diagnostics tools to the system as well. So during this upgrade, most of the job would be developing new control interfaces and high-level applications accordingly. In this paper, after a brief summary of the current diagnostics tools and our motivation for this upgrade, the scheme of the new control system and how different parts are integrated to the EPICS framework will be described.
Paper: WEP58
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-WEP58
About: Received: 04 Sep 2024 — Revised: 10 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
WEP59
Beam profile monitoring using incoherent Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation and scintillating screens at ILSF
413
The Iranian Light Source Facility (ILSF) plays a crucial role in advancing accelerator science and applications. In this study, we explore innovative techniques for precise beam profile monitoring, focusing on two complementary methods: Incoherent Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation (ChDR) and scintillating screens. Incoherent ChDR occurs when a charged particle passes through a dielectric medium with a velocity exceeding the phase velocity of light in that medium. This phenomenon leads to the emission of electromagnetic radiation in the form of a cone. Our investigation focuses on incoherent ChDR as a powerful tool for beam position diagnostics. By analyzing the angular distribution of ChDR photons, we extract valuable information about the transverse position of the electron bunch. Our simulations demonstrate the feasibility of ChDR-based diagnostics at ILSF. We discuss optimal radiator materials, geometries, and detection strategies. in addition, We also present our findings on scintillating screen calibration, spatial resolution, and dynamic range. We believe that our research significantly contributes to the development of robust and efficient beam diagnostics at the storage ring of ILSF. By investigating Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation (ChDR) and utilizing radiation from scintillating screens, we enhance accelerator performance and facilitate future experiments.
Paper: WEP59
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-WEP59
About: Received: 07 Sep 2024 — Revised: 09 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 09 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
WEP60
Integrating InfluxDB and Grafana in a Dockerized CA EPICS Monitoring System
416
A data monitoring system based on CA and EPICS designed for particle accelerators is proposed, which leverages Docker containers for deployment and integrates InfluxDB for data storage and Grafana for data visualization. The Data Collection Engine built with Python gathers data through EPICS Channel Access, caches it temporarily, and stores it permanently in InfluxDB. A two-level cache design is used to optimize data access. The monitoring system also offers a web application for configuration management and a web application for online data access and visualization in real-time, which provides a powerful and user-friendly solution for data collection, storage, visualization, and management in particle accelerator experiments.
Paper: WEP60
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-WEP60
About: Received: 29 Aug 2024 — Revised: 11 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 11 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
WEP71
Design of beam energy adjustment system for heavy ions testing of space electronics
449
Electronic components in spacecrafts and satellites are subjected to impact of high energy particles and heavy ions. Radiation damage of semiconductor electronic devices depends on linear energy transfer (LET) of the particle in semiconductor material which the device is fabricated of. During radiation testing of electronic components for space applications in particle accelerators we have limited set of ions with fixed energies and LET values due to complexity of adjustment of accelerator systems. According to standard test methods it is necessary to perform tests for several LET values in range from 1 to 100 (MeV*cm^2)/mg. It is possible to e nhance available LET range using special screens with different thickness (degraders) to decrease initial energy of particles and adjust LET value without reset of the accelerator for another ion type or energy. It can significantly reduce complexity and duration of test processing. In this work by numerical calculations we have designed a set of degraders, which enable us to obtain almost any LET value from 1 to 100 (MeV*cm^2)/mg in silicon devices using only four ion types with fixed energies that is acceptable for all test procedures.
Paper: WEP71
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-WEP71
About: Received: 03 Sep 2024 — Revised: 08 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 13 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
WEP72
Compact semiconductor sensor for monitoring of energy distribution in heavy ion beams
453
During experiments in particle accelerators online monitoring of energy distribution in particle beam is useful for correction of the accelerator setting and parameters. Time of flight (ToF) technique for energy monitoring is well known and approved method, which is used widely. Nevertheless ToF technique requires long flight bases especially for high energy particles and can’t be used to estimate spatial heterogeneity of the particle beam. Semiconductor energy sensors are compact and can be successfully used for these applications. Diodes with p-i-n structure are used for energy monitoring of particles with rages less than thinness of sensitive volume. High energy particles have long ranges in semiconductor materials. For online monitoring of high energy beams in this work we propose and experimentally verified a technique based on determination of linear energy transfer (LET) values of particles using diode structures with p-n junctions. Experimentally obtained LET value enables us to calculate energy if the particle type and diode semiconductor material are known. Proposed technique was successfully experimentally verified.
Paper: WEP72
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-WEP72
About: Received: 03 Sep 2024 — Revised: 08 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
THBI2
Non-destructive beam energy measurement using RF cavity beam arrival time monitor
469
Beam energy is a key parameter for free electron laser facilities (FELs). A commonly used nondestructive sys-tem uses a beam position monitor (BPM) to measure the bunch position in a magnetic bunch compressor. At the Shanghai Soft X-ray FEL facility (SXFEL), the chicane stripline beam position method is utilized for this pur-pose. However, this method relies on the initial bunch position before entering the chicane and has a limited linear region. A different non-destructive beam energy system, which measures the bunch flight time using two cavity-based bunch arrival time monitors, has been pro-posed and tested. This paper introduces the development of this system, including design details, build-up, and measurement results. Moreover, it also covers the compar-ison between the two different bunch energy measure-ment methods from several aspects: bunch position-based and bunch flight time-based.
Paper: THBI2
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-THBI2
About: Received: 04 Sep 2024 — Revised: 13 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 13 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
THP05
Development of bunch-by-bunch beam charge monitor for High Energy Photon Source
496
A bunch-by-bunch beam monitor electronics for High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) was designed. The hardware of electronics consists of analog signal acquisition board and digital signal processing board. The software consists of underlying firmware and application software. The sampling frequencyis 500 MHz, and the bandwidth is 1 GHz. The electronics digitizes four analog signals from BPM probe, and ZYNQ chip was used to process the beam data and calculate the charge of each bunch. This system has been used in HEPS booster and will be used in HEPS storage ring.
Paper: THP05
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-THP05
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 09 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
THP09
Development of a metamaterial-based cavity beam current monitor at HUST
504
Non-intrusive cavity beam diagnostic devices offer advantages such as high induced signal and sensitivity. The size of the resonant cavity is inversely related to its operating frequency, resulting in an increase in size at lower operating frequencies, thus limiting its applicability. Therefore, exploring how to modify the cavity structure to regulate its internal electromagnetic field distribution and achieve a decrease in operating frequency has become a research topic of significant importance. In current cyclotron-based proton therapy devices, challenges arise from low beam repetition rates and weak intensities. These characteristics make traditional cavity beam diagnostics ineffective, resulting in monitoring blind spots during treatment. To tackle this challenge, this paper introduces a metamaterial-loaded cavity beam current monitor (BCM). Electromagnetic simulations reveal that this approach significantly reduces the size of the cavity under low-frequency operational settings. Moreover, this technique addresses the problem of high energy loss observed in conventional dielectric-loaded cavity BCM, effectively improving sensitivity. The all-metal metamaterial structure also circumvents difficulties associated with processing. This innovative design presents a fresh avenue for exploring the development of compact cavity beam diagnostics suitable for low-frequency operational environments.
Paper: THP09
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-THP09
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 10 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 11 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
THP11
Absolute beam current measurement for slow extracted beams at CERN's North Area facility
508
The North Area facility (NA), built in the 1970s at CERN, hosts several secondary beam lines for a large variety of physics experiments: Neutrino Platform, Dark matter, high energy physics, R&D, detector validation etc. 400 GeV/c primary proton beams, extracted from the SPS ring, are split along the transfer lines to fire on 4 targets and serve the users with secondary particles such as e-, e+, muons, pions, hadrons, kaons... Within a typical slow extraction scheme of 4.8 s, one gets a spill intensity of about 4E13 protons heading to the splitters. Available beam intensity monitors are ageing fast and are accurate up to 10% only, which is not compatible for future high intensity physics programs and new demanding specifications for the beam instrumentation. In the wake of the NA consolidation project, it is proposed to measure the beam intensity with a Cryogenic Current Comparator (CCC). Such devices installed at FAIR (GSI) and in the Antimatter Factory (CERN) have proven to be operational and having a resolution of a few nA. This paper describes the roadmap and challenges to come for the development of the new CCC.
Paper: THP11
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-THP11
About: Received: 03 Sep 2024 — Revised: 09 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 09 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
THP13
DCCT noise and beam lifetime measurement
512
Beam lifetime measurements are an important tool to characterize the key storage ring and machine performance parameters. They are usually derived from the dc current transformer (DCCT) data, and their accuracy depends on DCCT noise and data duration period. However, accurate dc current and fast lifetime determination are in contradiction and have to be balanced carefully. In this contribution, a model is presented which relates the relative accuracy in lifetime determination and the DCCT noise with the acquisition time. For the PETRA IV project at DESY (Hamburg, Germany) which aims to upgrade the present PETRA III synchrotron into an ultra low-emittance source, according to this model a lifetime determination to the level of 1% should be possible within 5-6 s acquisition time.
Paper: THP13
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-THP13
About: Received: 04 Sep 2024 — Revised: 07 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
THP16
Status and performance of LumiBelle2 in the 2024 beam operation of SuperKEKB
516
LumiBelle2 is a fast luminosity monitoring system designed to do fast luminosity feedback and machine tuning and beam parameters studies for SuperKEKB. It uses sCVD diamond detectors placed in both the electron and positron rings to measure the Bhabha scattering process at vanishing photon scattering angle. Two types of online luminosity signals are provided, Train-Integrated-Luminosity signals at 1 kHz as input to the dithering feedback system used to maintain optimum overlap between the colliding beams in horizontal plane, and Bunch-Integrated-Luminosity signals at about 1 Hz to check for variations along the bunch trains. Vertical beam sizes and offsets can also be determined from collision scanning. This paper will describe the design of LumiBelle2 and report on its performance in the 2024 beam operation of SuperKEKB.
Paper: THP16
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-THP16
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 12 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 12 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
THP28
Application of Fiber Beam Loss Monitoring System (FBLM) and Scintillator Beam Loss Monitoring System (SBLM) on HEPS
542
The High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) is a fourth-generation light source with a beam energy of 6 GeV currently under development by the Institute of High Energy Physics. The Beam Loss Monitor (BLM) system is designed for monitoring beam losses during machine commissioning. Two types of beam loss monitors have been installed in both the booster and storage ring. This paper introduces the principles and composition of these two BLMs, as well as their application in beam commissioning.
Paper: THP28
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-THP28
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 10 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
THP31
Design and implementation of electron current measurement module for superconducting accelerator
550
The electron current measurement module is a key component of the superconducting cryomodule testing platform. Serving as a vital monitoring signal device within the coupler interlock system, this module monitors the electron cloud of high-energy power couplers and waveguide systems to ensure their effective protections. This article details the design and performance testing of the electron current measurement module, highlighting key technologies including anti-interference, weak cur-rent detection, multi-channel signal acquisition and processing, and weak current calibration. This module boasts a large dynamic range, high precision, and multi-channel weak current detection, featuring 32 detection channels with a detection range of nA~10μA. Its detection accuracy surpasses 1nA, and its response time is under 5ms. Additionally, the module's design took into account the impact of ionizing and electromagnetic radiation on its performance to ensure its reliability and stability.
Paper: THP31
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-THP31
About: Received: 09 Aug 2024 — Revised: 12 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 12 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
THP32
New beam loss monitor ionisation chambers engineering
554
More than 4000 Beam Loss Monitors (BLM) systems are operating at CERN. About 93% of them are installed in the LHC machine. The Ionisation Chambers (IC) are the part of the system where the lost beam particles ionise nitrogen gas in a chamber with electrodes at high voltage. The resulting current indicates the quantity of the beam loss. In the last 20 years, all BLM ICs were produced in collaboration with external institutes. Control of all details of the materials and processes are required to ensure instrument sensitivity and precision across the large series. CERN took back this production process in 2022 and much of the specific knowledge of design details and production technology was required to be re-engineered. This work presents production specification, design of tooling and test facilities for the first prototypes of a new series to be produced including their test in CERN facilities with beam. The further ramp-up to an industrial process to allow for a production of 1000 units in the years to come is discussed.
Paper: THP32
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-THP32
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 11 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 11 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
THP42
A test bench for 324 MHz RF deflectors used in bunch shape monitors for CSNS-II linac upgrade
576
Bunch shape monitors based on the transverse modulation of low energy secondary emission elec-trons, will be used in the measurement of longitudinal beam density distribution in the upgrade of CSNS-II linac. A test bench for commissioning the 324MHz RF deflectors used in BSM has been built in the laborato-ry, which consists of a Kimball E-gun, a vacuum chamber for electron optics, an RF stimulator, a 324MHz RF power source, HV power supplies, a bending magnet and a set of MCP+Screen+camera+DAQ. This paper gives the design consideration, some results of the test bench and the continuing CST design of a λ/2 RF deflector.
Paper: THP42
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-THP42
About: Received: 06 Sep 2024 — Revised: 12 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 12 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
THP46
Phase-temperature stability measurement of various RF coaxial cables
579
Phase stable coaxial cables are widely used for the transmission of reference signals, monitoring signals and control signals in accelerator Low-level RF, beam measurement and control systems, especially for high requirements of time/phase stability. The change in ambient temperature will change the electrical length of the coaxial cables leading to the transmission time and signal phase drift, this effect is termed as temperature coefficient of delay (TCD). The TCD curves at room temperature (15~40°C) of various types of coaxial cables commonly used in particle accelerators and other industries are measured. Some cables are tested for the first time. The cables with lowest coefficients are CommScope LDF2-50A, Zhongtian HCAAYZ-50-12 and Trigiant HCTAYZ-50-22, for different cable diameters. According to attenuation, mechanical and TCD parameters, these three cables are chosen in the HEPS phase reference line system and Linac LLRF system respectively.
Paper: THP46
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-THP46
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 09 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 09 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
THP73
Methodology for identifying the centre of a solenoid magnet based on the beam dynamics
649
The method of varying the strength of the corrector magnet installed upstream and minimising the position variation in diagnostics located downstream is widely used for identifying the centre of the magnetic field produced by a quadrupole magnet. However, in the case of a solenoid magnet, unlike a quadrupole magnet, it is not suitable to apply the variable separation method in the x-y direction since both field components are correlated, and the focusing of the magnetic field occurs in the azimuthal direction. In this presentation, we propose an analytical method for finding the centre of a solenoid magnet and present results validated by simulations.
Paper: THP73
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-THP73
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 11 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 12 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
FRAC2
BGC monitor: first year of operation at the LHC
661
The Beam Gas Curtain (BGC) monitor was installed in the beam one of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) during Long Shutdown 2 (LS2) and the Year-End Technical Stop (YETS) 2022. The monitor detects the fluorescence signal generated due to the interaction between the charged particle beams in the LHC and the neon atoms in the supersonic gas curtain. This provides 2D images of the primary beam. In the 2023 run, it was demonstrated that transverse beam profile measurement for both, proton beam and lead ion beams in the LHC is possible across injection, energy ramp-up and top energy operation. The BGC has shown the potential to be an operational instrument and efforts to integrate the monitor into the main machine control system are being undertaken. In this contribution, we will present measurement results and discuss the operational experience including observed gas loads to the LHC, observed impact on beam losses and demonstrated resolution of the monitor. Finally, we will also discuss future plans for the continued optimization of this monitor and the installation of a second monitor into beam two.
Paper: FRAC2
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-FRAC2
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 07 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
FRBC2
A systematic investigation of beam losses and position reconstruction techniques measured with a novel oBLM at CLEAR
669
Optical Beam Loss Monitors (oBLMs) allow for cost-efficient and spatially continuous measurements of beam losses at accelerator facilities. A standard oBLM consists of several tens of meters of optical fibre aligned parallel to the beamline, coupled to photosensors at either or both ends. Using the timing information from loss signals, the loss positions can be reconstructed. This contribution presents a novel oBLM system recently deployed at the CERN Linear Electron Accelerator for Research (CLEAR). Multiple methods of extracting timing and position information from measured waveforms are investigated, and the potential impact of varying beam parameters such as bunch charge or number is analysed. This work has resulted in the development of a GUI to aid operations by visualizing the beam losses and their positions in real time.
Paper: FRBC2
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-FRBC2
About: Received: 04 Sep 2024 — Revised: 07 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024
FRBC3
SPS fast spill monitor developments
674
The North Area facility (NA) receives the 400 GeV proton beam through a slow extraction process at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). To improve the SPS spill quality, it is crucial to monitor the spill intensity from the nA up to the µA range with a bandwidth extending from a few Hz up to several GHz along the extraction line. The most promising measurement options for this purpose are the Optical Transition Radiation-PhotoMultiplier (OTR-PMT) and the Cherenkov proton Flux Monitor (CpFM). This document presents recent improvements of both devices based on the operational experience gathered throughout the 2023 Run. It includes a detailed analysis and discussion of the present performance, comparing the capabilities of each instrument. Additionally, future ideas for multi-GHz detectors, particularly for the SHIP collaboration, are also outlined.
Paper: FRBC3
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2024-FRBC3
About: Received: 05 Sep 2024 — Revised: 08 Sep 2024 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2024 — Issue date: 11 Dec 2024