CERN, Geneva
GSI, Darmstadt
The Large Hadron Collider and the next future linear accelerators deal with extraordinary high beam energies (in the order of hundreds of mega-Joules for LHC) and with increasingly smaller beam sizes. It is important to understand the damage potential of such high energy beams to accelerator equipment and surroundings. Simulations have shown that the impact of the full LHC beam into copper can penetrate up to 35m as opposed to 140cm that is the typical penetration length for 7TeV protons. It becomes evident that when working with high energy densities, it is no longer possible to neglect the hydro-dynamic. A hybrid approach combining FLUKA and BIG-2 is proposed to treat HED problems. This approach can improve current simulations. It is foreseen to experimentally irradiate different materials with different beam intensities in the SPS-HiRadMat facility at CERN. First, these experiments will validate the simulation results by reproducing the density depletion along the beam path. Finally, the information obtained with these tests will be very useful in the understanding of the consequences of beam-matter interaction. Results could be applied to the LHC Beam Dump system,collimationÂ…
* N.A.Tahir, R.Schmidt et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., A 606 (2009)
** N.A.Tahir, R.Schmidt, New J. Phys.10 (2008) 073028
*** N.A.Tahir, R.Schmidt et al., J. Appl. Phys.97 (2005) 083532
GSI, Darmstadt
CERN, Geneva
Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real
IPCP, Chernogolovka, Moscow region
Cylindrical targets made of solid Cu and solid C that are facially irradiated with the LHC beam, have been considered. First, the energy loss of the protons as well as the production and the transport of the secondary particles is calculated using the FLUKA code. This data is then used as input to a 2D hydrodynamic computer code, BIG2, to simulate the thermodynamic and the hydrodynamic response of the target. Our simulations show that the 7 TeV/c LHC protons penetrate up to 35 m in solid Cu and 10 m in solid C during the 89 μs beam duration and the targets are severely damaged in both cases. It is interesting to note that a substantial part of the targets is converted into High Energy Density (HED) state which suggests an additional application of the LHC. To study the effects of accidents involving the SPS beam, we have also simulated the interaction of the full impact of the SPS beam with solid Cu and solid W targets. These simulations have shown that the targets are severely damaged and the beam heated region, in this case, is also converted into HED matter. These simulations could also be very useful to design the experiments for the future HiRadMat facility at CERN.
