IPAC2015 - List of Authors (Lombardi, A.M.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOPJE042	Longitudinal Injection Schemes For the CERN PS Booster at 160 MeV Including Space Charge Effects	378
	V. Forte, E. Benedetto, A.M. Lombardi, D. Quartullo CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	In the frame of the LHC Injectors Upgrade project, the CERN PS Booster will be equipped with a H⁻ injection system at 160 MeV to tailor the initial transverse and longitudinal profiles. We are here reviewing the different multi-turn longitudinal injection schemes, from the beam dynamics point of view, taking into account the needs of the large variety of the PSB users, spanning in intensity from 5·10⁹ to about 1.6·10¹³ protons per bunch. The baseline of the longitudinal injection has always been the longitudinal stacking with central energy modulation: this scheme has the advantage of filling uniformly the RF bucket and mitigate transverse space charge, but it requires at least 40 turns of injection. A simpler injection protocol without energy modulation is here analyzed in detail to find the optimum initial conditions in terms of bucket filling and reduction of transverse and longitudinal space charge effects, with the advantage of minimizing the number of turns for the LHC beams. Simulations with space charge of the longitudinal injection process from different Linac4 trains are presented to fix possible longitudinal injection scenarios during the future commissioning and operation with Linac4.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPJE042
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WEYB2	Beam Dynamics in a High Frequency RFQ	2408
	A.M. Lombardi, V.A. Dimov, M. Garlaschè, A. Grudiev, S.J. Mathot, E. Montesinos, S. Myers, M.A. Timmins, M. Vretenar CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	CERN is constructing a 750 MHz Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) which can accelerate a proton beam to 5 MeV in a length of 2 m. The beam dynamics strategic parameters have been chosen to make this RFQ a good candidate for the injector of a medical facility operating at frequency of 3 GHz. Minimising beam losses above 1 MeV, containing the RF power losses and opening the road to industrialisation have been the guidelines for an unconventional RFQ design. In this paper, the optimisation efforts, the structure design and the expected beam qualities will be detailed. The status of the construction as well as the potential for further developments will be presented.
	Slides WEYB2 [2.166 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEYB2
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THPF085	Beam Commissioning of Linac4 up to 12 MeV	3886
	V.A. Dimov, E. Belli, G. Bellodi, J.-B. Lallement, A.M. Lombardi CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Yarmohammadi Satri IPM, Tehran, Iran
	CERN Linac4 is made of a 3 MeV front end including a 45 keV source , a 3 MeV Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) and a fast chopper, followed by a 50 MeV Drift Tube Linac (DTL), a 100 MeV Cell-Coupled Drift Tube Linac (CCDTL) and a 160 MeV Pi-Mode Structure (PIMS). The Linac4 beam commissioning is performed in 6 stages of increasing energy. Movable beam diagnostics benches, with various instruments, are used at each step to allow the detailed characterisation of operational parameters that will play a key role in the overall future performance. The first three stages of the commissioning, up to 12 MeV beam energy, have been completed at the end of 2014. The RFQ and the chopper line at 3 MeV, as well as the first tank of the DTL at 12 MeV were fully characterised, using permanent diagnostic instruments and a movable diagnostic bench equipped with a spectrometer, a slit-grid emittance meter, a Bunch Shape Monitor, Beam Position Monitors and a laser-emittance device. This paper reports on the strategy and the results of the commissioning up to 12 MeV. It also presents the validation of the set-up strategy, which is essential for the next stages of commissioning.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF085
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THPF093	Status of the LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) Project at CERN	3915
	M. Meddahi, J. Coupard, H. Damerau, A. Funken, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, K. Hanke, L. Kobzeva, A.M. Lombardi, D. Manglunki, S. Mataguez, B. Mikulec, G. Rumolo, E.N. Shaposhnikova, M. Vretenar CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	CERN is currently carrying out an ambitious improvement programme of the full LHC Injectors chain in order to enable the delivery of beams with the challenging HL-LHC parameters. The LHC Injectors Upgrade project coordinates this massive upgrade program, and covers a new linac (Linac4 project) as well as upgrades to the Proton Synchrotron Booster, the Proton Synchrotron and Super Proton Synchrotron. The heavy ion injector chain is also included, adding the Linac3 and Low Energy Ion Ring to the list of accelerators concerned. The performance objectives and roadmap of the main upgrades will be presented, including the work status and outlook. The machine studies and milestones during LHC Run 2 will be discussed and a preliminary Long Shutdown 2 installation planning given. Finally, for the LHC Run 3, the beam performance across the full injector chain after all the upgrades will be estimated and the required commissioning stages outlined.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF093
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Paper

Title

Page

Longitudinal Injection Schemes For the CERN PS Booster at 160 MeV Including Space Charge Effects

378

V. Forte, E. Benedetto, A.M. Lombardi, D. Quartullo
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

In the frame of the LHC Injectors Upgrade project, the CERN PS Booster will be equipped with a H⁻ injection system at 160 MeV to tailor the initial transverse and longitudinal profiles. We are here reviewing the different multi-turn longitudinal injection schemes, from the beam dynamics point of view, taking into account the needs of the large variety of the PSB users, spanning in intensity from 5·10⁹ to about 1.6·10¹³ protons per bunch. The baseline of the longitudinal injection has always been the longitudinal stacking with central energy modulation: this scheme has the advantage of filling uniformly the RF bucket and mitigate transverse space charge, but it requires at least 40 turns of injection. A simpler injection protocol without energy modulation is here analyzed in detail to find the optimum initial conditions in terms of bucket filling and reduction of transverse and longitudinal space charge effects, with the advantage of minimizing the number of turns for the LHC beams. Simulations with space charge of the longitudinal injection process from different Linac4 trains are presented to fix possible longitudinal injection scenarios during the future commissioning and operation with Linac4.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPJE042

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEYB2

Beam Dynamics in a High Frequency RFQ

2408

A.M. Lombardi, V.A. Dimov, M. Garlaschè, A. Grudiev, S.J. Mathot, E. Montesinos, S. Myers, M.A. Timmins, M. Vretenar
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

CERN is constructing a 750 MHz Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) which can accelerate a proton beam to 5 MeV in a length of 2 m. The beam dynamics strategic parameters have been chosen to make this RFQ a good candidate for the injector of a medical facility operating at frequency of 3 GHz. Minimising beam losses above 1 MeV, containing the RF power losses and opening the road to industrialisation have been the guidelines for an unconventional RFQ design. In this paper, the optimisation efforts, the structure design and the expected beam qualities will be detailed. The status of the construction as well as the potential for further developments will be presented.

Slides WEYB2 [2.166 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEYB2

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPF085

Beam Commissioning of Linac4 up to 12 MeV

3886

V.A. Dimov, E. Belli, G. Bellodi, J.-B. Lallement, A.M. Lombardi
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Yarmohammadi Satri
IPM, Tehran, Iran

CERN Linac4 is made of a 3 MeV front end including a 45 keV source , a 3 MeV Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) and a fast chopper, followed by a 50 MeV Drift Tube Linac (DTL), a 100 MeV Cell-Coupled Drift Tube Linac (CCDTL) and a 160 MeV Pi-Mode Structure (PIMS). The Linac4 beam commissioning is performed in 6 stages of increasing energy. Movable beam diagnostics benches, with various instruments, are used at each step to allow the detailed characterisation of operational parameters that will play a key role in the overall future performance. The first three stages of the commissioning, up to 12 MeV beam energy, have been completed at the end of 2014. The RFQ and the chopper line at 3 MeV, as well as the first tank of the DTL at 12 MeV were fully characterised, using permanent diagnostic instruments and a movable diagnostic bench equipped with a spectrometer, a slit-grid emittance meter, a Bunch Shape Monitor, Beam Position Monitors and a laser-emittance device. This paper reports on the strategy and the results of the commissioning up to 12 MeV. It also presents the validation of the set-up strategy, which is essential for the next stages of commissioning.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF085

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPF093

Status of the LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) Project at CERN

3915

M. Meddahi, J. Coupard, H. Damerau, A. Funken, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, K. Hanke, L. Kobzeva, A.M. Lombardi, D. Manglunki, S. Mataguez, B. Mikulec, G. Rumolo, E.N. Shaposhnikova, M. Vretenar
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

CERN is currently carrying out an ambitious improvement programme of the full LHC Injectors chain in order to enable the delivery of beams with the challenging HL-LHC parameters. The LHC Injectors Upgrade project coordinates this massive upgrade program, and covers a new linac (Linac4 project) as well as upgrades to the Proton Synchrotron Booster, the Proton Synchrotron and Super Proton Synchrotron. The heavy ion injector chain is also included, adding the Linac3 and Low Energy Ion Ring to the list of accelerators concerned. The performance objectives and roadmap of the main upgrades will be presented, including the work status and outlook. The machine studies and milestones during LHC Run 2 will be discussed and a preliminary Long Shutdown 2 installation planning given. Finally, for the LHC Run 3, the beam performance across the full injector chain after all the upgrades will be estimated and the required commissioning stages outlined.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF093

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)