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| MOPRO036 | Beam Life Time and Stability Studies for ELENA | 154 |
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Funding: Work supported by the EU under Grant Agreement 624854 and the STFC Cockcroft Institute Core Grant No. ST/G008248/1. The Extremely Low ENergy Antiproton ring (ELENA) is a small synchrotron equipped with an electron cooler, which shall be constructed at CERN to decelerate antiprotons to energies as low as 100 keV. At such low energies it is very important to carefully take contributions from electron cooling and heating effects (e.g. on the residual gas) into account. Detailed investigations into the ion kinetics under consideration of effects from electron cooling and scattering on the residual gas have been carried out using the BETACOOL code. In this contribution a consistent explanation of the different physical effects acting on the beam in ELENA is given. Beam lifetime, equilibrium momentum spread and emittance are all estimated based on numerical simulations. Finally, optimum machine settings are presented as a result of optimization studies. |
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| DOI • | reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO036 | |
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| MOPME029 | Simulation of Low Energy Charged Particle Beams | 442 |
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| Low energy particle beams pose specific challenges to simulation codes and experiments alike as a number of effects become important that can often be neglected at higher beam energies, including e.g. space-charge or fringe field effects. The optimization of low energy charged particle beam transport through arbitrary electromagnetic fields is the purpose of a code aimed at tracking low-energy particles from the sub-eV to the MeV energy range with high precision. The code is based on Matlab/Simulink and able to use 3-dimensional field maps from either Finite Elements Method (FEM) solvers, such as Comsol, OPERA 3D or CST particle studio, fields calculated by the code itself, or field maps from measurements. This contribution describes the code structure and presents its performance limitations. It also gives a summary of results obtained from beam dynamics simulations of cyclotrons injection systems, storage ring extraction systems, electrostatic and magnetic beamlines, as well as from photocathode optimization studies. | ||
| DOI • | reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPME029 | |
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| MOPRI051 | Measurements of the Longitudinal Energy Distribution of Low Energy Electrons | 720 |
| SUSPSNE030 | use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code | |
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Funding: Work supported by STFC Cockcroft Core Grant No.ST/G008248/1 The Transverse Energy Spread Spectrometer (TESS) is an ASTeC experiment designed to measure the energy of electrons from different cathode materials. It is a dedicated test stand for future light sources. A full particle tracking code has been developed in the QUASAR Group, which simulates particle trajectories through TESS. Using this code it is possible to simulate different operational conditions of the experiment and cathode materials. The simulation results can then be benchmarked against experimental data to test the validity of the emission and beam transport model. Within this paper, results from simulation studies are presented and compared against experimental data as a collaboration within the Cockcroft Institute between ASTeC and the QUASAR Group for the case of measuring the longitudinal velocity distribution of electrons emitted from a gallium arsenide cathode using a grid structure as an energy filter. |
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| DOI • | reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRI051 | |
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| TUPRO071 | Optimization of Low Energy Electrostatic Beam Lines | 1202 |
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Funding: Work supported by the STFC Cockcroft Institute Core Grant No. ST/G008248/1 Electrostatic elements are frequently used for transporting low energy charged particles, as they are easy to build and operate. However, beam motion is strongly affected by effects from fringe fields, positioning and manufacturing errors of individual ion optical elements. It is important to carry out detailed studies into these effects in order to optimize beam transport. In this paper results from numerical studies with a purpose-written code are presented and compared against analytical estimates. It is shown how the results can be used to optimize the mechanical layout of the electrostatic ion optics elements, including quadrupoles and spherical deflectors. Finally, the results from beam tracking through a multi-element beam line are presented on the basis of both, matrix multiplication and numerical particle tracking. |
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| DOI • | reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO071 | |
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| TUPME056 | Improving Ion and Electron Beam Characteristics within LA³NET | 1495 |
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Funding: This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 289191. Lasers are widely used at accelerator and light source facilities for beam generation, acceleration and optimization. Research within LA³NET focuses on laser-based particle sources (photo injectors and laser ion sources), laser acceleration, and laser-based beam diagnostics. This project was recently selected as a ‘success story’ by the European Commission for its research achievements. This paper presents selected numerical and experimental results. From HZDR results of electron transport simulations in their new SRF gun II cavity, super-conductive solenoid and downstream accelerators are shown. The results from optimization studies into asymmetric grating structures obtained at the University of Liverpool are also presented, along with initial results from studies into novel diagnostics for high intensity proton beams at CERN and low energy electron beams at KIT. Finally, the events organized by the consortium to date and future plans are summarized. |
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| DOI • | reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME056 | |
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| TUPME057 | Optimization of Accelerators and Light Sources within oPAC | 1499 |
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Funding: This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 289485. The optimization of particle accelerators and light sources by combining studies into beam physics, instrumentation, numerical simulations and accelerator control systems is the aim of the EU-funded oPAC project. With a budget of more than 6 M€, oPAC is one of the largest training networks ever funded by the EU and currently trains more than 20 Marie Curie Fellows. This paper presents selected research highlights, including optimization studies into the CERN Proton Synchrotron (PS), measurement and correction of linear and nonlinear optics distortions in the ALBA synchrotron (Spain), perturbation measurements of a cavity Schottky noise detector at GSI (Germany) and R&D into device control data base tool at COSYLAB (Slovenia). Moreover, a summary of past and future oPAC events is also given. |
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| DOI • | reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME057 | |
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| TUPME081 | Plasma Wakefield Acceleration at CLARA PARS | 1544 |
| SUSPSNE025 | use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code | |
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| PARS is a proposed Plasma Accelerator Research Station using the planned CLARA (Compact Linear Accelerator for Research and Applications) electron linear accelerator at Daresbury Laboratory in the UK. In this paper, two- dimensional particle-in-cell simulations based on realistic CLARA beam parameters are presented. The results show that an accelerating gradient of 2.0 GV/m can be achieved over an accelerating length of at least 13 cm. Preliminary simulation results for a two bunch scheme show an energy gain of 70% over a length of 13 cm, giving an average accelerating gradient of 1.2 GeV/m. | ||
| DOI • | reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME081 | |
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| TUPRI028 | Review of Rest Gas Interaction at Very Low Energies applied to the Extra Low ENergy Antiproton ring ELENA | 1621 |
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| The Extremely Low ENergy Antiproton ring (ELENA) is a small synchrotron equipped with an electron cooler, which shall be constructed at CERN to decelerate antiprotons to energies as low as 100 keV. Scattering of beam particles on rest gas molecules may have a detrimental effect at such low energies and leads to stringent vacuum requirements. Within this contribution scattering of the stored beam on rest gas molecules is discussed for very low beam energies. It is important to carefully distinguish between antiprotons scattered out of the acceptance and lost, and those remaining inside the aperture to avoid overestimation of emittance blow-up. Furthermore, many antiprotons do not interact at all during the time they are stored in ELENA and hence this is not a multiple scattering process | ||
| DOI • | reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI028 | |
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| THPME134 | Experimental Results of a Gas Jet Based Beam Profile Monitor | 3559 |
| SUSPSNE078 | use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code | |
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Funding: Work supported by the EU under grant agreement 215080, HGF and GSI under contract number VH-NG-328, the STFC Cockcroft Institute Core Grant Mo.ST/G008248/1, and a RIKEN-Liverpool studentship. A novel, least invasive beam profile monitor based on a supersonic gas jet has been developed by the QUASAR Group at the Cockcroft Institute, UK. It allows the measurement of beam profiles for various particle beams across a range of energies and vacuum levels to be made. A finely collimated neutral gas jet, produced by a nozzle and several skimmers, is injected into a vacuum chamber perpendicular to the main particle beam. Ionization by the primary beam produces ions which are extracted from the interaction region and directed towards an imaging detector. This contribution presents the design of the monitor and first experimental results obtained with a low energy electron beam. It also discusses solutions of previous alignment problems and challenges in the realization of a versatile control and data acquisition system |
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| DOI • | reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME134 | |
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| THPME135 | Simulations of the Ion Spatial Distribution in a Gas-Curtain Based Beam Profile Monitor | 3563 |
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Funding: Work supported by the EU under grant agreement 215080 and 289485, HGF and GSI under contract VH-HG-328, the STFC Cockcroft Institute Core Grant No. ST/G008248/1, and a RIKEN-Liverpool studentship. A gas-jet monitor has been developed and commissioned by the QUASAR Group at the Cockcroft Institute, UK. It is designed to measure the transverse profile of a beam by crossing it with a neutral supersonic gas-jet. An array of high voltage electrodes is used to extract ions from the region where the beam and gas-jet interact. These ions first hit a micro-channel plate (MCP) and are then imaged through a phosphor screen and a CCD camera. It is important to understand and characterise the measured ion distribution in order to extract the beam profile. Therefore, numerical investigations using the commercial COMSOL and OPERA codes were carried out benchmarking profile measurements obtained from a low energy electron beam. This paper presents results from these studies. It compares measurements based on the interaction of the primary beam with the residual gas or the ultra-cold gas curtain, and discusses the comparisons of simulated profiles and extraction field configurations on the measured profile. |
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| DOI • | reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME135 | |
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| THPME184 | Improvement of Beam Imaging Systems through Optics Propagation Simulations | 3709 |
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| Optical Transition Radiation (OTR) is emitted when a charged particle crosses the interface between two media with different dielectric properties. It has become a wide-spread method for beam profile measurements. However, there are no tools to simulate the propagation of the OTR electric field through an optical system. Simulations using ZEMAX have been performed in order to quantify optical errors, such as aberrations, diffraction, depth of field and misalignment. This paper focuses on simulations of vertically polarized OTR photons with the aim of understanding what limits the resolution of realistic beam imaging systems. | ||
| DOI • | reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME184 | |
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| THPME185 | Design and First Operation of a Silicon-based Non–invasive Beam Monitor | 3712 |
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Funding: Work supported by the EU under contract PITN-GA-2008-215080 and the STFC Cockcroft Institute Core Grant No. ST/G008248/1. Non–invasive, highly accurate and reliable beam monitors are a desired aim of any beam diagnostics design. Knowledge of beam parameters is essential in fundamental research, industry or medical applications with varying demands. It is critical for the optimization of ion beams used for cancer treatment. Ocular tumor treatment at the Clatterbridge Cancer Center (CCC) uses a 60 MeV proton beam. Disturbances introduced to a beam by intercepting devices risk affecting its energy and energy spread, thereby limiting its effectiveness for treatment. The advantageous semi-circular structure of the LHCb Vertex Locator (VELO) detector has been investigated in the QUASAR Group. It is an interesting option for a non-invasive online beam monitor relying on beam ‘halo’ measurements without disturbing the part of the beam used for treatment. This contribution discusses the measurement method, setup design and integration within the CCC treatment beam line. |
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| DOI • | reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME185 | |
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| TUPRO074 | Emittance Growth due to Multiple Coulomb Scattering in a Linear Collider based on Plasma Wakefield Acceleration | 1211 |
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| Alternative acceleration technologies are currently under development for cost-effective, robust, compact and efficient solutions. One such technology is plasma wakefield accel- eration, driven by either a charged particle or laser beam. However, the potential issues must be studied in detail. In this paper, the emittance growth of the witness beam through elastic scattering from gaseous media is derived. The model is compared with the numerical studies. | ||
| DOI • | reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO074 | |
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