IPAC2012 - List of Authors (McDonald, K.T.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOPPC044	Gallium as a Possible Target Material for a Muon Collider or Neutrino Factory	232
	X.P. Ding UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA J.S. Berg, H.G. Kirk, H. K. Sayed BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA V.B. Graves ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA K.T. McDonald PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA N. Souchlas, R.J. Weggel Particle Beam Lasers, Inc., Northridge, California, USA
	Funding: Work support by the U.S. Department of Energy in part under Awards No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 (BNL) and No. DF-FG02-92ER40695 (UCLA) We consider the potential for a free-gallium-jet as an option for the pion-production target at a Muon Collider or Neutrino Factory. Advantages of such a target choice are its liquid state at relatively low temperature, its relatively efficient meson production, and its lower activation (compared to mercury). Using the MARS15 code, we have simulated particle production initiated by incoming protons with kinetic energies (KE) between 2 and 16~GeV. For each proton beam energy, we optimized the geometric parameters of the target: the radius of the liquid jet, the incoming proton beam angle, and the crossing angle between the jet and the proton beam. We compare the quantity of generated muons using a Ga target to that from a mercury jet target.

WEPPD036	Energy Flow and Deposition in a 4-MW Muon Collider Target System	2588
	N. Souchlas, R.J. Weggel Particle Beam Lasers, Inc., Northridge, California, USA X.P. Ding UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA V.B. Graves ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA H.G. Kirk, H. K. Sayed BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA K.T. McDonald PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
	Funding: Work support by the U.S. Department of Energy in part under Award No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 The design of the target station for a 4-MW Muon Collider or a Neutrino Factory is evolving to include more space for services to the magnets and internal tungsten shielding, as well as consideration of removing the 5-T resistive copper coils, thereby reducing the peak field from 20 to 15 T. Simulations with MARS15 have been performed to verify that these revisions preserve sufficient shielding that the peak power deposition everywhere in the superconducting magnets will be less than 0.1 mW/g, permitting at least a 10-year operational lifetime against radiation damage to the organic insulators.

WEPPD037	Shielding of Superconducting Coils for a 4-MW Muon-Collider Target System	2591
	R.J. Weggel, N. Souchlas Particle Beam Lasers, Inc., Northridge, California, USA X.P. Ding UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA V.B. Graves ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA H.G. Kirk, H. K. Sayed BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA K.T. McDonald PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
	Funding: Work support by the U.S. Department of Energy in part under Award No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 The target system envisioned for a Muon Collider/Neutrino Factory features a liquid Hg jet target immersed in a 20-T solenoidal field. Field quality limits intercoil gaps to ~ 40% of the O.D. of the flanking coils. Longitudinal sag of the tungsten shielding vessels limits their length to ~ 7 m. Support members adequate to resist intercryostat axial forces require an aggregate cross section of ~ 0.1 m²; the cryogenic heat leakage may be large. The innermost shielding vessel wall can be adequately cooled by helium gas only if its pressure is ~ 10 atm and its velocity is ~ 200m/s. However, the analysis in this paper found none of these engineering challenges to be insurmountable.

WEPPD038	Mercury Handling for the Target System for a Muon Collider	2594
	V.B. Graves ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA X.P. Ding UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA H.G. Kirk, H. K. Sayed BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA K.T. McDonald PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA N. Souchlas, R.J. Weggel Particle Beam Lasers, Inc., Northridge, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported in part by US DOE Contract NO.~DE-AC02-98CHI10886 and DE-AC05-00OR22725. The baseline target concept for a Muon Collider or Neutrino Factory is a free-stream mercury jet within a 20-T magnetic field being impacted by an 8-GeV proton beam. A pool of mercury serves as a receiving reservoir for the mercury and a dump for the unexpended proton beam. Design issues discussed in this paper include the nozzle, splash mitigation in the mercury pool, the mercury containment vessel, and the mercury recirculation system.

Paper

Title

Page

Gallium as a Possible Target Material for a Muon Collider or Neutrino Factory

232

X.P. Ding
UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
J.S. Berg, H.G. Kirk, H. K. Sayed
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
V.B. Graves
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
K.T. McDonald
PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
N. Souchlas, R.J. Weggel
Particle Beam Lasers, Inc., Northridge, California, USA

Funding: Work support by the U.S. Department of Energy in part under Awards No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 (BNL) and No. DF-FG02-92ER40695 (UCLA)
We consider the potential for a free-gallium-jet as an option for the pion-production target at a Muon Collider or Neutrino Factory. Advantages of such a target choice are its liquid state at relatively low temperature, its relatively efficient meson production, and its lower activation (compared to mercury). Using the MARS15 code, we have simulated particle production initiated by incoming protons with kinetic energies (KE) between 2 and 16~GeV. For each proton beam energy, we optimized the geometric parameters of the target: the radius of the liquid jet, the incoming proton beam angle, and the crossing angle between the jet and the proton beam. We compare the quantity of generated muons using a Ga target to that from a mercury jet target.

WEPPD036

Energy Flow and Deposition in a 4-MW Muon Collider Target System

2588

N. Souchlas, R.J. Weggel
Particle Beam Lasers, Inc., Northridge, California, USA
X.P. Ding
UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
V.B. Graves
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
H.G. Kirk, H. K. Sayed
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
K.T. McDonald
PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA

Funding: Work support by the U.S. Department of Energy in part under Award No. DE-AC02-98CH10886
The design of the target station for a 4-MW Muon Collider or a Neutrino Factory is evolving to include more space for services to the magnets and internal tungsten shielding, as well as consideration of removing the 5-T resistive copper coils, thereby reducing the peak field from 20 to 15 T. Simulations with MARS15 have been performed to verify that these revisions preserve sufficient shielding that the peak power deposition everywhere in the superconducting magnets will be less than 0.1 mW/g, permitting at least a 10-year operational lifetime against radiation damage to the organic insulators.

WEPPD037

Shielding of Superconducting Coils for a 4-MW Muon-Collider Target System

2591

R.J. Weggel, N. Souchlas
Particle Beam Lasers, Inc., Northridge, California, USA
X.P. Ding
UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
V.B. Graves
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
H.G. Kirk, H. K. Sayed
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
K.T. McDonald
PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA

Funding: Work support by the U.S. Department of Energy in part under Award No. DE-AC02-98CH10886
The target system envisioned for a Muon Collider/Neutrino Factory features a liquid Hg jet target immersed in a 20-T solenoidal field. Field quality limits intercoil gaps to ~ 40% of the O.D. of the flanking coils. Longitudinal sag of the tungsten shielding vessels limits their length to ~ 7 m. Support members adequate to resist intercryostat axial forces require an aggregate cross section of ~ 0.1 m²; the cryogenic heat leakage may be large. The innermost shielding vessel wall can be adequately cooled by helium gas only if its pressure is ~ 10 atm and its velocity is ~ 200m/s. However, the analysis in this paper found none of these engineering challenges to be insurmountable.

WEPPD038

Mercury Handling for the Target System for a Muon Collider

2594

V.B. Graves
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
X.P. Ding
UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
H.G. Kirk, H. K. Sayed
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
K.T. McDonald
PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
N. Souchlas, R.J. Weggel
Particle Beam Lasers, Inc., Northridge, California, USA

Funding: Work supported in part by US DOE Contract NO.~DE-AC02-98CHI10886 and DE-AC05-00OR22725.
The baseline target concept for a Muon Collider or Neutrino Factory is a free-stream mercury jet within a 20-T magnetic field being impacted by an 8-GeV proton beam. A pool of mercury serves as a receiving reservoir for the mercury and a dump for the unexpended proton beam. Design issues discussed in this paper include the nozzle, splash mitigation in the mercury pool, the mercury containment vessel, and the mercury recirculation system.