| Paper | Title | Page |
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| MOPPD077 | Studies for an Alternative LHC Non-Linear Collimation System | 544 |
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Funding: This work has been carried out through of the European Coordination for Accelerator Research and Development (EuCARD), co-sponsored by EU 7th Framework Program. A LHC nonlinear Betatron cleaning collimation system would allow larger gap for the mechanical jaws, reducing as a consequence the collimator-induced impedance, which may limit the LHC beam intensity. In this paper, the performance of the proposed system is analyzed in terms of beam losses distribution around the LHC ring and cleaning efficiency in stable physics condition at 7TeV for Beam1. Moreover, the energy deposition distribution on the machine elements is compared to the present LHC Betatron cleaning collimation system in the Point 7 Insertion Region (IR). |
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| MOPPD078 | Accelerator Physics Study on the Effects from an Asynchronous Beam Dump in the LHC Experimental Region Collimators | 547 |
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Funding: This work has been carried out through of the European Coordination for Accelerator Research and Development (EuCARD), co-sponsored by EU 7th Framework Program. Asynchronous beam aborts at the LHC are to be expected once per year. Accelerator physics studies of asynchronous dumps have been performed at different beam energies and beta-stars. The loss patterns are analyzed in order to identify the losses in particular on the Phase 1 Tertiary Collimators (TCT), since their Tungsten jaw insert has a low damage threshold with respect to the loss load expected. Settings for the tilt angle of the TCTs are discussed with the aim of reducing the thermal loads on the TCT themselves. |
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| TUPPR092 | Transient Beam Losses in the LHC Injection Kickers from Micron Scale Dust Particles | 2044 |
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| Transient beam losses on a time scale of a few ms have been observed in the LHC injection kickers, occurring mainly shortly after beam injection with a strong correlation in time to the kicker pulsing. The beam losses, which have at times affected LHC availability, are attributed to micron scale ceramic dust particles detached from the alumina beam pipe and accelerated into the beam. The beam related observations are described, together with laboratory measurements of beam pipe contamination and kicker vibration, simulations of electric field in the beam pipe and the basic dynamic model. Energy deposition simulations modelling the beam losses are presented and compared to measurement. Extrapolations to future LHC operation at higher intensities and energies are made, and prospects for mitigation are discussed. | ||
| WEPPD071 | The FLUKA LineBuilder and Element DataBase: Tools for Building Complex Models of Accelerator Beam Lines | 2687 |
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| Extended FLUKA models of accelerator beam lines can be extremely complex: heavy to manipulate, poorly versatile and prone to mismatched positioning. We developed a framework capable of creating the FLUKA model of an arbitrary portion of a given accelerator, starting from the optics configuration and a few other information provided by the user. The framework includes a builder (LineBuilder), an element database and a series of configuration and analysis scripts. The LineBuilder is a Python program aimed at dynamically assembling complex FLUKA models of accelerator beam lines: positions, magnetic fields and scorings are automatically set up, and geometry details such as apertures of collimators, tilting and misalignment of elements, beam pipes and tunnel geometries can be entered at user's will. The element database (FEDB) is a collection of detailed FLUKA geometry models of machine elements. This framework has been widely used for recent LHC and SPS beam-machine interaction studies at CERN, and led to a drastic reduction in the time otherwise required to rework old machine models, and to a coherent and traceable description of the inputs used for all the simulations. | ||
| THPPP086 | UFOs in the LHC: Observations, Studies and Extrapolations | 3936 |
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| Unidentified falling objects (UFOs) are potentially a major luminosity limitation for nominal LHC operation. They are presumably micrometer sized dust particles which lead to fast beam losses when they interact with the beam. With large-scale increases and optimizations of the beam loss monitor (BLM) thresholds, their impact on LHC availability was mitigated from mid 2011 onwards. For higher beam energy and lower magnet quench limits, the problem is expected to be considerably worse, though. In 2011/12, the diagnostics for UFO events were significantly improved: dedicated experiments and measurements in the LHC and in the laboratory were made and complemented by FLUKA simulations and theoretical studies. The state of knowledge, extrapolations for nominal LHC operation and mitigation strategies are presented. | ||
| THPPR036 | Quench Limit Calculations for Steady State Heat Deposits in LHC Inner Triplet Magnets | 4050 |
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| In hadron colliders such as the LHC, the energy deposited in the superconductors by the particles lost from the beams or coming from the collision debris may provoke quenches detrimental to the accelerator operation. A Network Model is used to simulate the thermodynamic behavior of the superconducting magnets. In previous papers the validations of network model with measurements performed in the CERN and Fermilab magnet test facilities were presented. This model was subsequently used for thermal analysis of the current LHC inner triplet quadrupole magnets for beam energy of 3.5 TeV and 7 TeV. The detailed study of helium cooling channels efficiency for energy deposits simulated with FLUKA is presented. Some conclusions are drawn on expected inner triplet magnets quench limit. | ||
| THPPR037 | Estimation of Thresholds for the Signals of the BLMs around the LHC Final Focus Triplet Magnets | 4053 |
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| The Interaction Points of the Large Hadron Collider are the regions where the two circulating beams collide. Hence, the magnets the closest to any Interaction Point are exposed to an elevated radiation field due to the collision debris. In this study the signal in the Beam Loss Monitors due to the debris is estimated and compared with the measurements. In addition, the energy density in the coils and the signal in the Beam Loss Monitors at quench are estimated for various beam loss scenarios. It is shown that the Beam Loss Monitors, as presently installed on the outside of the vacuum vessel of the magnets, cannot disentangle the signals due to a localised halo loss from that of the constant signal due to the collision debris. | ||