Author: Krakówski, P.
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MOPGF104 Consolidations on the Vacuum Controls of the CERN Accelerators, During the First Long Shutdown of the LHC 322
 
  • P. Gomes, F. Antoniotti, F. Aragon, F. Bellorini, S. Blanchard, J-P. Boivin, N. Chatzigeorgiou, F. Daligault, R. Ferreira, J. Fraga, J. Gama, A. Gutierrez, P. Krakówski, H.F. Pereira, G. Pigny, P.P. Prieto, B. Rio, H. Vestergard
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • L. Kopylov, S. Merker, M.S. Mikheev
    IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia
 
  For two years (Spring 2013 - Spring 2015), the LHC went through its first long shutdown (LS1). It was mainly motivated by the consolidation of magnet interconnects, to allow operation with 6.5 TeV proton beams. Moreover, around the accelerator complex, many other systems were repaired, consolidated or upgraded, and several new installations came to life. The standardization of vacuum controls has progressed in the injectors, with the renovation of most of their obsolete equipment. In the LHC, many new instruments were added, the signal transmission integrity was improved, and the exposure to radiation was reduced in critical places. Several developments were needed for new equipment types or new operational requirements.  
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MOPGF112 Measurements, Alarms and Interlocks in the Vacuum Control System of the LHC 338
 
  • G. Pigny, F. Antoniotti, J-P. Boivin, N. Chatzigeorgiou, J. Gama, P. Gomes, P. Krakówski, H.F. Pereira
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  In the LHC beam pipes and cryostats, the pressure measurement covers a wide range, from 1500 mbar down to 10-11 mbar and even lower. If vacuum deteriorates, alarm signals are generated and sent to other systems, e.g. cryogenics, accelerating cavities, kicker magnets, and beam interlock. In addition, an unacceptable pressure rise in beam pipes generates interlocks to close the adjacent sector valves, thus isolating the sector, so that the pressure rise does not propagate. This paper describes the measurement chains, the alarms and interlocks logic used in the vacuum control system of the LHC. We analyze the possible signal degradation caused by ionizing radiation or due to cable length, shielding and grounding. The weaknesses of the existing vacuum measurement system are pointed out, and a prospective for improvement of the conditioning electronics is proposed. During the first LHC long shut down, several corrections were applied; the results of the tests after commissioning are also presented.  
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