ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
APS has been developing superconducting undulators for over a decade. Presently, two planar and one helical device are in operation in the APS storage ring, and a number of devices will be installed in the APS Upgrade ring. All superconducting devices perform with very high reliability and have very minor effect on the storage ring operation. To achieve this, a number of storage ring modifications had to be done, such as introduction of the beam abort system to eliminate device quenches during beam dumps, and lattice and orbit modifications to allow for installation of the small horizontal aperture helical device with magnet coils in the plane of synchrotron radiation.
ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
Damage to tungsten beam dumps has been observed in the Advanced Photon Source (APS), a 7-GeV, third-generation storage ring light source. This issue is expected to be much more severe in the APS Upgrade, owing to doubling of the stored charge and much lower emittance. An experiment was conducted in the existing APS ring to test several possible dump materials and also assess the accuracy of predictions of beam-induced damage. Prior to the experiments, extensive beam abort simulations were performed with ELEGANT to predict thresholds for material damage, dependence on vertical beam size, and even the size of the trenches expected to be created by the beam. This paper presents the simulation methods, simple models for estimating damage, and results. A companion paper in this conference presents experimental results.
ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
We present the results of experiments intended to show the effects of beam dumps on candidate collimator materials for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade (APS-U) storage ring (SR). Due to small transverse electron beam sizes, whole beam loss events are expected to yield dose levels in excess of 10 MGy in beam-facing components, pushing irradiated regions into a hydrodynamic regime. Whole beam aborts have characteristic time scales ranging from 100s of ps to 10s of microseconds which are either much shorter than or roughly equal to thermal diffusion times. Aluminum and titanium alloy test pieces are each exposed to a series of beam aborts of varying fill pattern and charge. Simulations suggest the high energy/power densities are likely to lead to phase transitions and damage in any material initially encountered by the beam. We describe measurements used to characterize the beam aborts and compare the results with those from the static particle-matter interaction code, MARS; we also plan to explore wakefield effects. Beam dynamics modeling, done with elegant is discussed in a companion paper at this conference. The goal of this work is to guide the design of APS-U SR collimators.