BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
The electron-ion collider eRHIC aims at a luminosity around 1034cm-2sec-1, using strong cooling of the hadron beam. Since the required cooling techniques are not yet readily available, an initial version with a peak luminosity of 3*1033cm-2sec-1 is being developed that can later be outfitted with strong hadron cooling. We will report on the current design status and the envisioned path towards 1034cm-2sec-1 luminosity.
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
HZB, Berlin, Germany
A collaboration between Cornell University and Brookhaven National Laboratory has designed and is constructing CBETA, the Cornell-BNL ERL Test Accelerator on the Cornell campus. The ERL technology that has been prototyped at Cornell for many years is being used for this new accelerator, including a DC electron source and an SRF injector Linac with world-record current and normalized brightness in a bunch train, a high-current linac cryomodule optimized for ERLs, a high-power beam stop, and several diagnostics tools for high-current and high-brightness beams. BNL has designed multi-turn ERLs for several purpose, dominantly for the electron beam of eRHIC, its Electron Ion Collider (EIC) project and for the associated fast electron cooling system. Also in JLEIC, the EIC designed at JLAB, an ERL is envisioned to be used for electron cooling. The number of transport lines in an ERL is minimized by using return arcs that are comprised of a Fixed Field Alternating-gradient (FFA) design. This technique will be tested in CBETA, which has a single return for the 4-beam energies with strongly-focusing permanent magnets of Halbach type. The high-brightness beam with 150~MeV and up to 40~mA will have applications beyond accelerator research, in industry, in nuclear physics, and in X-ray science. Low current electron beam has already been sent through the most relevant parts of CBETA, from the DC gun through both cryomodules, through one of the 8 similar separator lines, and through one of the 27 similar FFA structures. Further construction is envisioned to lead to a commissioning start for the full system early in 2019.
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
Polarized helions will be used in the eRHIC collider to collide with polarized electrons. To allow efficient transport of polarized helions in the Booster, to rigidities sufficiently high (B rho=10.8 T.m, |G gamma|=10.5) for minimizing the optical perturbations from the two partial helical dipoles in the AGS, an upgrade for overcoming depolarizing intrinsic resonances is needed. An AC-dipole is being designed to induce spin flips through intrinsic resonances. Booster AC-dipole operation will be established with protons while the polarized helion source is being completed. This paper reports the status of the project (which is now well advanced after two years of theoretical and design studies) and provides an overview of proof of principle experiments to take place after successful installation of the AC-dipole, during RHIC Run 19 with polarized proton beams.
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
The optical properties of the Halbach technology based CBETA ERL return FFAG arc cell are investigated, using its 3-D OPERA field map model. This includes paraxial and large amplitude motion, tune path, study of resonances, dynamic acceptance, effects of various defects, 300-cell 10k-particle bunches 6D transmission trials. These investigations, a 2~3 year investment, have validated the Halbach technology in the linear FFAG cell application, from the point of view of the beam dynamics, so supporting its approval as the required technology for CBETA, in December 2016.
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
The electron-ion collider eRHIC requires a variety of kickers and septa for injection and extraction of beams throughout the entire collider complex. We plan to use pulsed systems for beam injection and extraction in Electron RCS, Electron Storage Ring, and Hadron ring. In this paper, we describe the pulsed systems required for beam transfer in the eRHIC Ring-Ring Pre-conceptual Design. We will outline the parameter ranges, technology choices, and opportunities for research and development in pulsed power technology.
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
CBETA is an energy recovery linac accelerating from 6 MeV to 150 MeV in four linac passes, using a single return line accepting all energies from 42 MeV to 150 MeV. We simulate a 6-dimensional particle distribution from the injector through the end of the dump line. Space charge forces are taken into account at the low energy stages. We compare results using field maps to those using simpler magnet models. We introduce random and systematic magnet errors to the lattice, apply an orbit correction algorithm, and study the impact on the beam distribution.
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
The Cornell-Brookhaven Energy Recovery Linac Test Accelerator now under construction will accelerate electrons from 6 MeV to 150 MeV in four linac passes, using a single return line accepting all energies from 42 to 150 MeV. We describe the optical design of the machine, with emphasis on recent updates. We explain how we choose parameters for the wide energy acceptance return arc, taking into account 3D field maps generated from magnet designs. We give the final machine parameters resulting from iterations between desired lattice properties and magnet design. We modified the optics to improve the periodicity of the return arc near its ends and to create adequate space for vacuum hardware. The return arc is connected to the linac with splitter lines that serve to match the optics for each beam energy. We describe how matching conditions were chosen for the splitter lines and how we use them to control longitudinal motion. We simulate the injection and low energy extraction systems including space charge effects, matching the beam properties to the optical parameters of the rest of the machine.