IPAC2018 - List of Authors (Chiggiato, P.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOZGBE5	Results on the FCC-hh Beam Screen at the KIT Electron Storage Ring KARA	55
	L.A. Gonzalez, V. Baglin, P. Chiggiato, C. Garion, M. Gil Costa, R. Kersevan CERN, Geneva, Switzerland I. Bellafont, F. Pérez ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain S. Casalbuoni, E. Huttel KIT, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
	Funding: * The European Circular Energy-Frontier Collider Study (EuroCirCol) project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant No 654305. In the framework of the EuroCirCol collaboration* (work package 4 "Cryogenic Beam Vacuum System"), the fabrication of 3 FCC-hh beam-screen (BS) prototypes has been carried out with the aim of testing them at room temperature at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) 2.5 GeV electron storage ring KARA (KArlsruhe Research Accelerator). The 3 BS prototypes will be tested on a beamline installed by the collaboration, named as BEam Screen TEstbench EXperiment (BESTEX). KARA has been chosen because its synchrotron radiation (SR) spectrum, photon flux and power, match the one foreseen for the 50+50 TeV FCC-hh proton collider. Each of the 3 BS prototypes, 2 m in length, implement a different design feature: 1) baseline design (BD), with electro-deposited copper and no electron-cloud (EC) mitigation features; 2) BD with set of distributed cold-sprayed anti-EC clearing electrodes; 3) BD with laser-ablated anti-EC surface texturing. We present here the results obtained so far at BESTEX and the comparison with extensive montecarlo simulations of the expected outgassing behavior under synchrotron radiation. The information herein only reflects the views of its authors and the European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information.
	Slides MOZGBE5 [4.318 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-MOZGBE5
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MOPMF053	Observations, Analysis and Mitigation of Recurrent LHC Beam Dumps Caused by Fast Losses in Arc Half-Cell 16L2	228
	J.M. Jimenez, D. Amorim, S. A. Antipov, G. Arduini, A. Bertarelli, N. Biancacci, B. Bradu, E. Bravin, G. Bregliozzi, K. Brodzinski, R. Bruce, X. Buffat, L.R. Carver, P. Chiggiato, S.D. Claudet, P. Collier, R. Garcia Alia, M. Giovannozzi, L. K. Grob, E.B. Holzer, W. Höfle, G. Iadarola, G. Kotzian, A. Lechner, T.E. Levens, B. Lindstrom, T. Medvedeva, A. Milanese, D. Mirarchi, E. Métral, D. Perini, S. Redaelli, G. Rumolo, B. Salvant, R. Schmidt, M. Valette, D. Valuch, J. Wenninger, D. Wollmann, C. Yin Vallgren, C. Zamantzas, M. Zerlauth CERN, Geneva, Switzerland D. Amorim Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France A.A. Gorzawski University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom L. Mether EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
	Recurrent beam dumps significantly perturbed the operation of the CERN LHC in the summer months of 2017, especially in August. These unexpected beam dumps were triggered by fast beam losses that built up in the cryogenic beam vacuum at the half-cell 16 left of LHC-IP2 and were detected either at that location but mainly in the collimation insertions. This contribution details the experimental observables (beam losses, coherent instabilities, heat load to cryogenic system, vacuum signals), the extent of the understanding of the beam loss and instability mechanisms and the mitigation steps and new settings that allowed recovering the luminosity performance of the LHC for the rest of the Run.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-MOPMF053
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TUZGBE3	Towards Implementation of Laser Engineered Surface Structures for Electron Cloud Mitigation	1220
	M. Sitko, V. Baglin, S. Calatroni, P. Chiggiato, B. Di Girolamo, E. Garcia-Tabares Valdivieso, M. Taborelli CERN, Geneva, Switzerland A. Abdolvand, D. Bajek, S. Wackerow University of Dundee, Nethergate, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom M. Colling, T.J. Jones, P.A. McIntosh STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
	The LHC operation has proven that the electron cloud could be a significant limiting factor in machine performance, in particular for future High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) beams. Electron clouds, generated by electron multipacting in the beam pipes, leads to beam instabilities and beam-induced heat load in cryogenic systems. Laser Engineered Surface Structures (LESS) is a novel surface treatment which changes the morphology of the internal surfaces of vacuum chambers. The surface modification results in a reduced secondary electron yield (SEY) and, consequently, in the eradication of the electron multipacting. Low SEY values of the treated surfaces and flexibility in choosing the laser parameters make LESS a promising treatment for future accelerators. LESS can be applied both in new and existing accelerators owing to the possibility of automated in-situ treatment. This approach has been developed and optimised for the LHC beam screens in which the electron cloud has to be mitigated before the HL-LHC upgrade. We will present the latest steps towards the implementation of LESS.
	Slides TUZGBE3 [1.825 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-TUZGBE3
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WEPMF087	LHC Injectors Upgrade Project: Outlook of the Modifications to the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) Vacuum System and Impact on the Operation of the Carbon-Coated Vacuum Chambers	2589
	C. Pasquino, G. Bregliozzi, P. Chiggiato, P. Cruikshank, A. Farricker, A. Harrison, J. Perez Espinos, J.A.F. Somoza, M. Taborelli, C. Vollinger CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Aiming at doubling the beam intensity and reducing the beam emittance, significant modifications of the LHC and its injector chain will take place during Long Shutdown 2 (LS2), starting from 2019. The LIU project (LHC Injector Upgrade), in the specific, touches Linac4, the Proton Synchrotron Booster (PSB), the Proton Synchrotron (PS), the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) as well as the heavy ion chain. During LS2, important changes will take place mainly in the Long Straight Sections of the SPS to host a newly conceived dumping system, upgraded RF cavities and upgraded extraction channels. Additionally, the vacuum chambers of the main bending and focusing magnets as well as vacuum drifts will be coated with amorphous carbon in order to reduce the dynamic pressure effects induced by multipacting. The modifications to the different vacuum sectors will be described in details as well as the impact on operation of amorphous carbon coated sectors that have been already deposited.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPMF087
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WEPMF090	Upgrade of the CMS Experimental Beam Vacuum During LS2	2596
	J.S. Sestak, G. Bregliozzi, P. Chiggiato, C. Di Paolo CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Starting from December 2018, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is going to interrupt its physic operations for more than two years within the period called second long shutdown (LS2). The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment will undergo the biggest upgrade of its experimental beam vacuum system since the first operations in 2008. The new experimental vacuum layout should comply with demanding structural, vacuum, integration and physics requirements. Moreover, the new layout should be compatible with foreseen engineering changes of the detector and the machine during the upgrade phase of High-Luminosity LHC in LS3. This paper gives an overview of the CMS LS2 experimental vacuum sectors upgrades. Both design and production phase of the new vacuum layout is discussed in detail.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPMF090
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WEPMG005	First Beam Test of Laser Engineered Surface Structures (LESS) at Cryogenic Temperature in CERN SPS Accelerator	2616
	R. Salemme, V. Baglin, S. Calatroni, P. Chiggiato, B. Di Girolamo, E. Garcia-Tabares Valdivieso, B. Jenninger, L. Prever-Loiri, M. Sitko CERN, Geneva, Switzerland A. Abdolvand, S. Wackerow University of Dundee, Nethergate, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom R. Salemme ITER Organization, St. Paul lez Durance, France
	Electron cloud mitigation is an essential requirement for accelerators of positive particles with high intensity beams to guarantee beam stability and limited heat load in cryogenic systems. Laser Engineered Surface Structures (LESS) are being considered, within the High Luminosity upgrade of the LHC collider at CERN (HL-LHC), as an option to reduce the Secondary Electron Yield (SEY) of the surfaces facing the beam, thus suppressing the elec-tron cloud phenomenon. As part of this study, a 2.2 m long Beam Screen (BS) with LESS has been tested at cryogenic temperature in the COLD bore EXperiment (COLDEX) facility in the SPS accelerator at CERN. In this paper, we describe the manufacturing procedure of the beam screen, the employed laser treatment technique and discuss our first observations in COLDEX confirming electron cloud suppression.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPMG005
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Page

Results on the FCC-hh Beam Screen at the KIT Electron Storage Ring KARA

55

L.A. Gonzalez, V. Baglin, P. Chiggiato, C. Garion, M. Gil Costa, R. Kersevan
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
I. Bellafont, F. Pérez
ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
S. Casalbuoni, E. Huttel
KIT, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany

Funding: * The European Circular Energy-Frontier Collider Study (EuroCirCol) project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant No 654305.
In the framework of the EuroCirCol collaboration* (work package 4 "Cryogenic Beam Vacuum System"), the fabrication of 3 FCC-hh beam-screen (BS) prototypes has been carried out with the aim of testing them at room temperature at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) 2.5 GeV electron storage ring KARA (KArlsruhe Research Accelerator). The 3 BS prototypes will be tested on a beamline installed by the collaboration, named as BEam Screen TEstbench EXperiment (BESTEX). KARA has been chosen because its synchrotron radiation (SR) spectrum, photon flux and power, match the one foreseen for the 50+50 TeV FCC-hh proton collider. Each of the 3 BS prototypes, 2 m in length, implement a different design feature: 1) baseline design (BD), with electro-deposited copper and no electron-cloud (EC) mitigation features; 2) BD with set of distributed cold-sprayed anti-EC clearing electrodes; 3) BD with laser-ablated anti-EC surface texturing. We present here the results obtained so far at BESTEX and the comparison with extensive montecarlo simulations of the expected outgassing behavior under synchrotron radiation.
The information herein only reflects the views of its authors and the European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information.

Slides MOZGBE5 [4.318 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-MOZGBE5

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MOPMF053

Observations, Analysis and Mitigation of Recurrent LHC Beam Dumps Caused by Fast Losses in Arc Half-Cell 16L2

228

J.M. Jimenez, D. Amorim, S. A. Antipov, G. Arduini, A. Bertarelli, N. Biancacci, B. Bradu, E. Bravin, G. Bregliozzi, K. Brodzinski, R. Bruce, X. Buffat, L.R. Carver, P. Chiggiato, S.D. Claudet, P. Collier, R. Garcia Alia, M. Giovannozzi, L. K. Grob, E.B. Holzer, W. Höfle, G. Iadarola, G. Kotzian, A. Lechner, T.E. Levens, B. Lindstrom, T. Medvedeva, A. Milanese, D. Mirarchi, E. Métral, D. Perini, S. Redaelli, G. Rumolo, B. Salvant, R. Schmidt, M. Valette, D. Valuch, J. Wenninger, D. Wollmann, C. Yin Vallgren, C. Zamantzas, M. Zerlauth
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
D. Amorim
Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
A.A. Gorzawski
University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
L. Mether
EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland

Recurrent beam dumps significantly perturbed the operation of the CERN LHC in the summer months of 2017, especially in August. These unexpected beam dumps were triggered by fast beam losses that built up in the cryogenic beam vacuum at the half-cell 16 left of LHC-IP2 and were detected either at that location but mainly in the collimation insertions. This contribution details the experimental observables (beam losses, coherent instabilities, heat load to cryogenic system, vacuum signals), the extent of the understanding of the beam loss and instability mechanisms and the mitigation steps and new settings that allowed recovering the luminosity performance of the LHC for the rest of the Run.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-MOPMF053

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TUZGBE3

Towards Implementation of Laser Engineered Surface Structures for Electron Cloud Mitigation

1220

M. Sitko, V. Baglin, S. Calatroni, P. Chiggiato, B. Di Girolamo, E. Garcia-Tabares Valdivieso, M. Taborelli
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
A. Abdolvand, D. Bajek, S. Wackerow
University of Dundee, Nethergate, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
M. Colling, T.J. Jones, P.A. McIntosh
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom

The LHC operation has proven that the electron cloud could be a significant limiting factor in machine performance, in particular for future High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) beams. Electron clouds, generated by electron multipacting in the beam pipes, leads to beam instabilities and beam-induced heat load in cryogenic systems. Laser Engineered Surface Structures (LESS) is a novel surface treatment which changes the morphology of the internal surfaces of vacuum chambers. The surface modification results in a reduced secondary electron yield (SEY) and, consequently, in the eradication of the electron multipacting. Low SEY values of the treated surfaces and flexibility in choosing the laser parameters make LESS a promising treatment for future accelerators. LESS can be applied both in new and existing accelerators owing to the possibility of automated in-situ treatment. This approach has been developed and optimised for the LHC beam screens in which the electron cloud has to be mitigated before the HL-LHC upgrade. We will present the latest steps towards the implementation of LESS.

Slides TUZGBE3 [1.825 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-TUZGBE3

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WEPMF087

LHC Injectors Upgrade Project: Outlook of the Modifications to the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) Vacuum System and Impact on the Operation of the Carbon-Coated Vacuum Chambers

2589

C. Pasquino, G. Bregliozzi, P. Chiggiato, P. Cruikshank, A. Farricker, A. Harrison, J. Perez Espinos, J.A.F. Somoza, M. Taborelli, C. Vollinger
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Aiming at doubling the beam intensity and reducing the beam emittance, significant modifications of the LHC and its injector chain will take place during Long Shutdown 2 (LS2), starting from 2019. The LIU project (LHC Injector Upgrade), in the specific, touches Linac4, the Proton Synchrotron Booster (PSB), the Proton Synchrotron (PS), the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) as well as the heavy ion chain. During LS2, important changes will take place mainly in the Long Straight Sections of the SPS to host a newly conceived dumping system, upgraded RF cavities and upgraded extraction channels. Additionally, the vacuum chambers of the main bending and focusing magnets as well as vacuum drifts will be coated with amorphous carbon in order to reduce the dynamic pressure effects induced by multipacting. The modifications to the different vacuum sectors will be described in details as well as the impact on operation of amorphous carbon coated sectors that have been already deposited.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPMF087

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPMF090

Upgrade of the CMS Experimental Beam Vacuum During LS2

2596

J.S. Sestak, G. Bregliozzi, P. Chiggiato, C. Di Paolo
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Starting from December 2018, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is going to interrupt its physic operations for more than two years within the period called second long shutdown (LS2). The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment will undergo the biggest upgrade of its experimental beam vacuum system since the first operations in 2008. The new experimental vacuum layout should comply with demanding structural, vacuum, integration and physics requirements. Moreover, the new layout should be compatible with foreseen engineering changes of the detector and the machine during the upgrade phase of High-Luminosity LHC in LS3. This paper gives an overview of the CMS LS2 experimental vacuum sectors upgrades. Both design and production phase of the new vacuum layout is discussed in detail.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPMF090

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPMG005

First Beam Test of Laser Engineered Surface Structures (LESS) at Cryogenic Temperature in CERN SPS Accelerator

2616

R. Salemme, V. Baglin, S. Calatroni, P. Chiggiato, B. Di Girolamo, E. Garcia-Tabares Valdivieso, B. Jenninger, L. Prever-Loiri, M. Sitko
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
A. Abdolvand, S. Wackerow
University of Dundee, Nethergate, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
R. Salemme
ITER Organization, St. Paul lez Durance, France

Electron cloud mitigation is an essential requirement for accelerators of positive particles with high intensity beams to guarantee beam stability and limited heat load in cryogenic systems. Laser Engineered Surface Structures (LESS) are being considered, within the High Luminosity upgrade of the LHC collider at CERN (HL-LHC), as an option to reduce the Secondary Electron Yield (SEY) of the surfaces facing the beam, thus suppressing the elec-tron cloud phenomenon. As part of this study, a 2.2 m long Beam Screen (BS) with LESS has been tested at cryogenic temperature in the COLD bore EXperiment (COLDEX) facility in the SPS accelerator at CERN. In this paper, we describe the manufacturing procedure of the beam screen, the employed laser treatment technique and discuss our first observations in COLDEX confirming electron cloud suppression.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPMG005

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)