IPAC2018 - List of Authors (Apollonio, A.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOPML009	New High Luminosity LHC Baseline and Performance at Ultimate Energy	408
	L.E. Medina Medrano Universidad de Guanajuato, División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, León, Mexico A. Apollonio, G. Arduini, O.S. Brüning, M. Giovannozzi, L.E. Medina Medrano, S. Papadopoulou, Y. Papaphilippou, S. Redaelli, R. Tomás CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Funding: Research supported by the HL-LHC project and the Beam project (CONACYT, Mexico). The LHC machine is envisioned to operate eventually at an ultimate beam energy of 7.5 TeV at the end of LHC Run 4, i.e. after commissioning of the HL-LHC systems, a stage falling into the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) era. In this paper we review the latest baseline parameters and performance, and study the potential reach of the HL-LHC with pushed optics at the ultimate beam energy. Results in terms of integrated luminosity and effective pile-up density of both the nominal (5.0×10³⁴ cm^-2 s⁻¹) and ultimate (7.5×10³⁴ cm^-2 s⁻¹) levelling operations are discussed
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-MOPML009
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WEPAF075	Availability Allocation to Particle Accelerators Subsystems by Complexity Criteria	2009
	O. Rey Orozko, A. Apollonio, M. Jonker, J.A. Uythoven CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	In the early design stages of an accelerator, an effective allocation method is needed to translate an overall accelerator availability goal into availability requirements for its subsystems. During the allocation process, many factors are considered to obtain so-called ‘complexity weights', which are at the basis of the system availability allocation. Some of these factors can be measured quantitatively while other have to be assessed qualitatively. Based on our analysis of factors affecting availability, we list six criteria for complexity resulting in an availability allocation of accelerator subsystems. System experts determine the scales of factors and relationships between subsystems. In this paper, we consider four availability apportionment techniques to allocate complexity weights to subsystems. Finally, we apply this method to the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) and we propose another application of the complexity weights to the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF075
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WEPAF077	Performance Evaluation of Linac4 During the Reliability Run	2016
	O. Rey Orozko, A. Apollonio, S.S. Erhard, G. Guidoboni, B. Mikulec, J.A. Uythoven CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Linac4 will replace Linac2 as the first element in the CERN proton injector chain from 2020 onwards, following the second LHC long shutdown (LS2). With more than three times higher energy and number of compo-nents than Linac2, beam availability is one of the main challenges of Linac4. Intended as a smooth transition from commissioning to operation, a Linac4 Reliability Run was started in July 2017 and is foreseen to last until mid-May 2018. The goal is to achieve the target availability of 95 %. This implies consolidated routine operation and identification of recurring problems. This paper introduces the schedule and operational aspects of the Linac4 Reliability Run, including the developed tools and methods for availability tracking. The paper also summarizes the lessons learned during the first period of the Linac4 Reliability Run with respect to fault tracking and provides an in-depth analysis of the failure modes and observed availability.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF077
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THYGBD2	Results of UFO Dynamics Studies with Beam in the LHC	2914
	B. Lindstrom, A. Apollonio, P. Bélanger, M. Dziadosz, A.A. Gorzawski, L. K. Grob, E.B. Holzer, A. Lechner, R. Schmidt, M. Valette, D. Valuch, D. Wollmann CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Micrometer sized particles entering the LHC beam (the so-called Unidentified Falling Objects or UFOs) are a known cause of localized beam losses since the beginning of high intensity beam operation, however the origin of these particles is not fully known. Their effect limits LHC availability by causing premature dumps due to excessive beam losses and occasionally even magnet quenches. This could become an important limitation for future accelerators such as the High Luminosity upgrade of the LHC (HL-LHC) and the Future Circular Collider (FCC). The dynamics of these UFOs was investigated in two dedicated experiments. In the first experiment, it was shown that the transverse movements of these particles can be studied by observing bunch-by-bunch losses from bunches with different horizontal and vertical emittances. In the second experiment, UFO-like events around the 16L2 interconnect in the LHC, which has seen intense UFO activity in 2017, were studied with the above method. This paper summarizes the results of both experiments.
	Slides THYGBD2 [1.357 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THYGBD2
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FRXGBD1	Reliability and Availability of Particle Accelerators: Concepts, Lessons, Strategy	5014
	A. Apollonio, L. Ponce, O. Rey Orozko, R. Schmidt, A.P. Siemko, B. Todd, J.A. Uythoven, A.P. Verweij, D. Wollmann, M. Zerlauth CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	This paper will present the results and latest status of an extensive effort to analyse and improve the reliability and availability of the LHC. After the introduction of basic concepts and definitions, the paper reviews the performance of the LHC in 2015-2017. A direct comparison of the luminosity production years 2016 and 2017 is presented, with a focus on the main differences in the observed failure modes. Based on the lessons learnt in this time window, expectations for the performance during future LHC runs are discussed. In particular, the thought process for the evaluation of the possible full energy exploitation of the LHC is described, considering relevant factors such as the expected availability loss and the risk associated to magnet training.
	Slides FRXGBD1 [7.090 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-FRXGBD1
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Paper

Title

Page

New High Luminosity LHC Baseline and Performance at Ultimate Energy

408

L.E. Medina Medrano
Universidad de Guanajuato, División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, León, Mexico
A. Apollonio, G. Arduini, O.S. Brüning, M. Giovannozzi, L.E. Medina Medrano, S. Papadopoulou, Y. Papaphilippou, S. Redaelli, R. Tomás
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: Research supported by the HL-LHC project and the Beam project (CONACYT, Mexico).
The LHC machine is envisioned to operate eventually at an ultimate beam energy of 7.5 TeV at the end of LHC Run 4, i.e. after commissioning of the HL-LHC systems, a stage falling into the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) era. In this paper we review the latest baseline parameters and performance, and study the potential reach of the HL-LHC with pushed optics at the ultimate beam energy. Results in terms of integrated luminosity and effective pile-up density of both the nominal (5.0×10³⁴ cm^-2 s⁻¹) and ultimate (7.5×10³⁴ cm^-2 s⁻¹) levelling operations are discussed

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-MOPML009

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPAF075

Availability Allocation to Particle Accelerators Subsystems by Complexity Criteria

2009

O. Rey Orozko, A. Apollonio, M. Jonker, J.A. Uythoven
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

In the early design stages of an accelerator, an effective allocation method is needed to translate an overall accelerator availability goal into availability requirements for its subsystems. During the allocation process, many factors are considered to obtain so-called ‘complexity weights', which are at the basis of the system availability allocation. Some of these factors can be measured quantitatively while other have to be assessed qualitatively. Based on our analysis of factors affecting availability, we list six criteria for complexity resulting in an availability allocation of accelerator subsystems. System experts determine the scales of factors and relationships between subsystems. In this paper, we consider four availability apportionment techniques to allocate complexity weights to subsystems. Finally, we apply this method to the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) and we propose another application of the complexity weights to the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF075

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPAF077

Performance Evaluation of Linac4 During the Reliability Run

2016

O. Rey Orozko, A. Apollonio, S.S. Erhard, G. Guidoboni, B. Mikulec, J.A. Uythoven
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Linac4 will replace Linac2 as the first element in the CERN proton injector chain from 2020 onwards, following the second LHC long shutdown (LS2). With more than three times higher energy and number of compo-nents than Linac2, beam availability is one of the main challenges of Linac4. Intended as a smooth transition from commissioning to operation, a Linac4 Reliability Run was started in July 2017 and is foreseen to last until mid-May 2018. The goal is to achieve the target availability of 95 %. This implies consolidated routine operation and identification of recurring problems. This paper introduces the schedule and operational aspects of the Linac4 Reliability Run, including the developed tools and methods for availability tracking. The paper also summarizes the lessons learned during the first period of the Linac4 Reliability Run with respect to fault tracking and provides an in-depth analysis of the failure modes and observed availability.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF077

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THYGBD2

Results of UFO Dynamics Studies with Beam in the LHC

2914

B. Lindstrom, A. Apollonio, P. Bélanger, M. Dziadosz, A.A. Gorzawski, L. K. Grob, E.B. Holzer, A. Lechner, R. Schmidt, M. Valette, D. Valuch, D. Wollmann
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Micrometer sized particles entering the LHC beam (the so-called Unidentified Falling Objects or UFOs) are a known cause of localized beam losses since the beginning of high intensity beam operation, however the origin of these particles is not fully known. Their effect limits LHC availability by causing premature dumps due to excessive beam losses and occasionally even magnet quenches. This could become an important limitation for future accelerators such as the High Luminosity upgrade of the LHC (HL-LHC) and the Future Circular Collider (FCC). The dynamics of these UFOs was investigated in two dedicated experiments. In the first experiment, it was shown that the transverse movements of these particles can be studied by observing bunch-by-bunch losses from bunches with different horizontal and vertical emittances. In the second experiment, UFO-like events around the 16L2 interconnect in the LHC, which has seen intense UFO activity in 2017, were studied with the above method. This paper summarizes the results of both experiments.

Slides THYGBD2 [1.357 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THYGBD2

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

FRXGBD1

Reliability and Availability of Particle Accelerators: Concepts, Lessons, Strategy

5014

A. Apollonio, L. Ponce, O. Rey Orozko, R. Schmidt, A.P. Siemko, B. Todd, J.A. Uythoven, A.P. Verweij, D. Wollmann, M. Zerlauth
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

This paper will present the results and latest status of an extensive effort to analyse and improve the reliability and availability of the LHC. After the introduction of basic concepts and definitions, the paper reviews the performance of the LHC in 2015-2017. A direct comparison of the luminosity production years 2016 and 2017 is presented, with a focus on the main differences in the observed failure modes. Based on the lessons learnt in this time window, expectations for the performance during future LHC runs are discussed. In particular, the thought process for the evaluation of the possible full energy exploitation of the LHC is described, considering relevant factors such as the expected availability loss and the risk associated to magnet training.

Slides FRXGBD1 [7.090 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-FRXGBD1

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)